Solitary parotid metastasis from columnar cell carcinoma of the thyroid: A diagnostic dilemma

Kini, Hema; Pai, Radha R.; Kalpana, S

doi:10.1002/dc.10226

Cited by 22 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…and Tranchida et al . [23451315] Finely stippled chromatin and inconspicuous nucleoli in our case were in agreement with the finding in most of the published cases. [2345] The present case also had cells scattered singly and in small groups of 2-3 cells with columnar morphology and a wispy cytoplasm.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

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Cytomorphology of columnar cell variant of papillary carcinoma thyroid: A case report and review of the literature

et al. 2014

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A 58 years old lady reported with history of progressively increasing lump in the neck. Patient had earlier undergone sub-total thyroidectomy (details not available) in a private institute one year back. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of the present lump revealed features of papillary carcinoma thyroid. Patient subsequently underwent total thyroidectomy along with excision of a tumor nodule in the larynx. Gross examination of the specimen revealed a tumor nodule in the right lobe of the thyroid. Microscopic examination of the tumor nodule in the thyroid and larynx revealed a columnar cell variant of papillary carcinoma thyroid. Very few reports describing the cytomorphologic features of this variant of papillary carcinoma are available in the published literature. These reports highlight the absence or paucity of nuclear grooves and intranuclear inclusions in this variant. We describe a case of columnar cell variant of papillary carcinoma where nuclear grooves were prominently seen. In addition, we report the occurrence of rosette-like structures which were brought out better on FNA smears. These rosette-like structures have not been emphasized earlier in the published literature. The cytomorphologic features of this rare variant are also reviewed in this report.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Six case reports of FNA findings are available in the cytological literature. [234513] The details of these isolated cases have been highlighted in Table 1. The features of columnar cell variant of papillary carcinoma thyroid are elusive and hence the diagnosis is difficult solely based on FNA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytomorphology of columnar cell variant of papillary carcinoma thyroid: A case report and review of the literature

et al. 2014

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“…Accordingly, the difference in the IL-10 concentration in the IR group compared to IPC in this present study represents an adaptive response to the decrease in TNF-a. The latter effect is in line with the work of Kalpana et al [45] thus attenuating the production of this proinflkammatory cytokine [46,47].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Possible Involvement of Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Mediators in the Protective Effects of the Early Preconditioning Window Against Transient Global Ischemia in Rats

et al. 2011

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Ischemic preconditioning (IPC), comprising exposure to sub-lethal short term ischemic events, has been shown to exert adaptive responses in many organs including the brain, thus guarding against exacerbations of ischemia reperfusion (IR). However, the mechanisms involved in the early phase of such a protection remain elusive; hence, the present study aimed to investigate the modulatory effect of preconditioning against IR induced injury on infarct size, free radicals, inflammatory/anti-inflammatory markers, caspase-3 and heat shock protein (HSP)70 in the rat hippocampus. To this end, male Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups, (1) sham operated (SO) control; (2) IPC, animals were subject to 3 episodes of ischemia (5 min) followed by reperfusion (10 min), afterwards rats underwent ischemia (15 min) followed by reperfusion (60 min); (3) IR animals were subjected to 15 min global ischemia followed by 60 min reperfusion. IR produced cerebral infarction accompanied by an imbalance in the hippocampal redox status, neutrophil infiltration, elevation in tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and prostaglandin (PG)E₂, besides reduction in interleukin (IL)-10 and nitric oxide (NO) levels. IPC reverted all changes except for PGE₂; however, neither HSP70 nor caspase-3 expression was altered following IR or IPC. The current study points thus towards the activation of the antioxidant system, anti-inflammatory pathway, as well as NO in the early phase of preconditioning protection.

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“…Because previous studies of these neoplasms have been largely limited to case studies, we reviewed reports in the English literature to date to better define the clinicopathological characteristics of these rare neoplasms. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48] The 48 reported cases consisted of 15 men and 33 women. Men ranged in age from 29 to 77 years (mean 49.5 years, median 47 years) and women from 16 to 83 years (mean 49 years, median 50 years).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…57,58 A positive correlation between the nuclear overexpression of cyclin D1, cellular proliferation, and the proliferation marker, Ki-67, with tumor stage and aggressive biological behavior was reported previously. 31,32,39,[59][60][61][62][63][64] An alteration in the gene encoding cyclin D1 has not been reported in thyroid neoplasia, but a link between aberrant b-catenin expression and upregulation of cyclin D1 has been shown in a variety of neoplasms. [65][66][67] In this study, the nuclear expression of cyclin D1 was markedly increased in the vast majority of indolent and aggressive neoplasms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinicopathological and molecular characterization of nine cases of columnar cell variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma

et al. 2011

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The majority of papillary thyroid carcinoma is indolent and associated with long-term survival. The columnar cell variant, however, is a rare subtype that is variable in biological behavior; some are clinically aggressive, whereas others are more clinically indolent. Tumor size, tumor circumscription, and encapsulation may influence the behavior of columnar cell carcinomas. Other variables including genetic changes and putative biomarkers associated with malignant growth have not been thoroughly examined in these neoplasms. In this study, nine cases of columnar cell variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma from three institutions were classified as clinically indolent or aggressive based on pathological features, clinical history, and outcome. Indolent tumors were typically small, circumscribed or encapsulated, and from younger female patients, whereas aggressive tumors were large, locally aggressive, associated with regional and distant metastasis, and from older male patients. The missense mutation, V600E in the BRAF oncogene (BRAF V600E ), was detected in three of nine of cases, of which two were clinically aggressive. Immunohistochemical evaluation of neoplasiaassociated markers showed increased nuclear cyclin D1 expression, elevated Ki-67 proliferation indices, and predominantly weak nuclear p53 staining in both indolent and aggressive tumors. Expression of b-catenin was largely restricted to a membranous pattern in both tumor types. Cytoplasmic expression of bcl-2 was overall mildly reduced in indolent neoplasms. Nuclear expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors was increased in both indolent and aggressive neoplasms, but was without sex-or age-related differences; however, whereas progesterone receptor expression was diffuse and strong in clinically indolent carcinomas, its expression was diminished in aggressive neoplasms. Recognition of the clinicopathological characteristics and the molecular and immunophenotypic features of the columnar cell variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma may aid in characterizing neoplasms that behave indolently or aggressively. Keywords: BRAF (BRAF V600E ); b-catenin; columnar cell variant; cyclin D1; papillary thyroid carcinoma Papillary thyroid carcinoma is a common endocrine neoplasm that is typically indolent and associated with long-term survival. This favorable biological behavior reflects the vast majority of conventional and histological variants of well-differentiated papillary thyroid carcinoma. However, a more aggressive tumoral growth characterizes a small subset that behaves more akin to poorly differentiated and undifferentiated thyroid carcinoma. Initially included in this group of aggressive neoplasms, the columnar cell variant is a rare subtype with variable biological behavior. Early reports described tumors with fast growth rates, aggressive local invasion, high rates of recurrence, early metastasis to regional lymph nodes and distant

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Solitary parotid metastasis from columnar cell carcinoma of the thyroid: A diagnostic dilemma

Cited by 22 publications

References 11 publications

Cytomorphology of columnar cell variant of papillary carcinoma thyroid: A case report and review of the literature

Cytomorphology of columnar cell variant of papillary carcinoma thyroid: A case report and review of the literature

Possible Involvement of Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Mediators in the Protective Effects of the Early Preconditioning Window Against Transient Global Ischemia in Rats

Clinicopathological and molecular characterization of nine cases of columnar cell variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma

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