Solubilization of onion with polysaccharide‐degrading enzymes

Abstract

For the selection of suitable enzymes for the solubilization of onion, degree of solubilization (DS) values were measured. The DS values of Pectinex and Viscozyme were 75.8 and 78.4%, respectively, which indicates they have higher specific activities than Cereflo and Celluclast. The enzyme mixture of Pectinex and Viscozyme (relative ratio of 1:3) had higher DS values and reducing sugar content than Pectinex alone. The enzyme mixture degraded onions with a synergistic effect, solubilizing 85% of the onion. The DS values and reducing sugar content at the optimal condition (pH 4.5 and 45 °C) reached a maximum of 85% and 494.8 mg g–1 of onion, respectively. The DS values and reducing sugar content increased with increasing reaction time, reaching a maximum of 89% and 517.5 mg g–1 of onion, respectively. When cooking pork, onion appeared to be preferable to onion hydrolysate, however there was no significant difference. The sweetness and preference of pork cooked with 3% addition of hydrolysate per gram of pork meat were the highest but those were not different significantly from those cooked with less than 10% addition of hydrolysate per pork meat.

A multipurpose immobilized biocatalyst with pectinase, xylanase and cellulase activities

“…The temperature optima also did not reveal significant changes. The temperature optima observed for free enzymes agreed well with the reported value [ 17 - 19 ]. The pectinase temperature optima was 50°C for both free enzyme and CLEA.…”

“…The pH optima were broad (at 4.5 for pectinase and 5.5 for xylanase and 5 for cellulase activities) and agreed with the literature value [17-19]. In the case of cellulase activity, CLEA showed pH optima at 5.5 as compared to 5 observed and reported for free enzyme (Data not shown as figure).…”

Influences of elevated CO2 and pest damage on the allocation of plant defense compounds in Bt-transgenic cotton and enzymatic activity of cotton aphid

“…For the foliar nitrogen concentration, leaves (infested and uninfested) were taken from the plants and dried in an oven at 65°C for 48 h (Coviella et al , 2002). Nitrogen concentration was assayed by using a CNH analyzer (Model ANCA‐nt; Europa Elemental Instruments, Okehampton, UK) and total sugar content was tested using the DNS (3,5‐dinitrosalicylic acid) method (Suh et al ., 2002). The Bt toxin protein in the transgenic Bt cotton leaves was analyzed using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test (Chen et al , 2005a).…”

Elevated CO2 shifts the focus of tobacco plant defences from cucumber mosaic virus to the green peach aphid

“…Dried leaves from each treatment were ground in a mill. Foliar nitrogen content (with eight replicates per treatment) was analysed using a CNH analyser (Coviella, Stipanovic & Trumble 2002), and total sugar content was determined using the DNS (3,5‐dinitrosalicylic acid) method (Suh, Noh & Choi 2002). Foliar nicotine content was quantified by an HPLC System (Agilent 1100 Series LC System).…”