Soluble polymer‐bound quaternary ammonium salts for the addition reaction of glycidyl methacrylate with carbon dioxide

Abstract

Soluble polymeric catalysts containing benzyltrialkylammonium chloride moieties and styrene or N,N‐dimethylacrylamide as a polar unit were prepared by copolymerization of vinylbenzyl chloride and the corresponding monomer, and then quaternization of the chloromethyl group by trialkylamines. The addition reaction of glycidyl methacrylate and carbon dioxide proceeded effectively using these polymer‐supported quaternary ammonium salts. The catalytic activity was affected by the amount of vinylbenzyl chloride, type of reaction solvent, and the structure of trialkylammonium salt due to the balance between lipophilicity and steric hindrance of the pendant quaternary ammonium salt. A kinetic study was also carried out to better understand the reaction steps. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Comparative studies on the performance of immobilized quaternary ammonium salt catalysts for the addition of carbon dioxide to glycidyl methacrylate

“…For the addition reaction of CO 2 to GMA using supported catalysts, the following elementary reaction steps can be proposed, where we set R = GMA, P = DOMA, and QX = quaternary ammonium salt catalyst [18].…”

Amphiphilic macromolecular nanostructure materials derived from 5-(octanoate methyl)bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene and 5-(phthalimide methyl)bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene via ring-opening metathesis copolymerization

“…Biocompatibility, appropriate size (10e100 nm) for blood circulation, and a low critical micelle concentration (CMC) are important characteristics that lead to improved bioavailability, reduction of toxicity, enhanced permeability across physiological barriers, and substantial changes in drug biodistribution [2e7]. For many years, quaternary ammonium salt (QAS) has been applied as disinfectants [8] due to its antimicrobial activities and other applications such as surfactants [9], transfer agents [10], etc. Quaternized cationic polymers can exhibit higher activities than the corresponding low molecular weight model compound [11].…”