“…Therefore, to incorporate the memory effect in these systems, a term of integration is added in the differential system, which turns to integrodifferential system. The integrodifferential systems have been broadly applied in viscoelastic mechanics, fluid dynamics, thermoelastic contact, control theory, heat conduction, industrial mathematics, financial mathematics, biological models, chemical kinetics and aerospace systems, and so on (see previous works [16][17][18][19][20][21][22] ).…”