Solvent‐free synthesis of propargylamines catalyzed by an efficient recyclable ZnO‐supported CuO/Al₂O₃ nanocatalyst

Abstract

nanocatalyst) was prepared by the co-precipitation method and characterized by scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area analysis. CuO/ ZnO/Al 2 O 3 nanocatalyst proved to be a very efficient catalyst on the synthesis of propargylamines under solvent-free conditions in high yields. Moreover, the catalyst can be recyclable without reducing catalytic activity up to five times.

Solvent-free synthesis of propargylamines: an overview

“…In 2018, an efficient, recyclable nanocatalyst of ZnO supported CuO/Al 2 O 3 was prepared and it was used for the synthesis of propargylamines ( Scheme 18 ). 61 ZnO was found to be an operative promoter which helps to enhance the reducibility and distribution of copper particles. Whereas Al 2 O 3 is added as a constitution promoter in order to increase the surface area, mechanical resistance and thermal stability of the catalyst.…”

Solvent‐free synthesis of propargylamines via A3 coupling reaction and organic pollutant degradation in aqueous condition using Cu/C catalyst

“…[ 19 ] However, these heterogenous catalysts required toxic solvents, high metal loading, various additives, and tedious catalyst separation, all of which limit their utilization and applicability. Therefore, robust and highly efficient heterogenous catalysts are still being actively sought [ 20 ] (Scheme 1).…”

[Pyridine–SO3H]ZnCl3: A Multipurpose Catalyst for A3 Coupling Synthesis of Propargylamines under Mild Conditions

“…[22][23][24][25] An A 3 coupling reaction through terminal alkyne C-H bond activation has been catalyzed by using various transition-metal catalysts, such as copper, 26 iridium, 27 nickel, 28 iron, 29 silver, 30 gold, 31 ruthenium, 32 or zirconium. 33 Also, one-pot syntheses of propargylamines by A 3 coupling reactions have also been carried out in the presence of various zinc salts and complexes, such as Zn(OAc) 2 •2H 2 O, 34 ZnOsupported CuO/Al 2 O 3 nanocatalyst, 35 Zn(OAc) 2 , 36 Zn(OTf) 2 , 37 [Zn(L-proline) 2 ], 38 and ZnCl 2 . 39 Due to the importance of these biologically useful propargylamines and some disadvantages of their previously reported synthetic methods, such as high temperatures, long reaction times, the use of irradiation, or the need for additives in the reaction, there is a need to find a more suitable catalyst and milder conditions for the preparation of propargylamines.…”