“…As most of the systems of differential-algebraic equations arising in the applications can only be solved numerically, this connection is absolutely critical. The applications of differential-algebraic equations arise naturally in many fields and various dynamic processes, for example, mechanical systems [15,21,23], simulation of electric circuits [7,8,20,22] and chemical reactions subject to invariants etc. [1,4,6,9,13,14,24] are often expressed by differential-algebraic equations (DAEs), which consist of algebraic equations and differential operations.…”