Somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)

Abstract

Tissue culture methods for improvement of cotton has lagged seriously compared to other major crops. A method for regeneration of cotton which includes a morphogenetically competent cell suspension was needed to facilitate selection of stress-resistant variants and gene manipulation. Preliminary screening of eight strains of Gossypium hirsutum L. for embryogenic potential resulted in the production of somatic embryos in all strains. Coker 312 was selected for use in the development of a model regeneration system for G. hirsutum. Calli were initiated from hypocotyl tissues of 3-day-old-seedlings. Globular embryos were present after six weeks in culture. Calli were subcultured to liquid suspension in growth regulator-free medium. After three to four weeks, suspensions were sieved to collect globular and heart stage embryos. Collected embryos developed further when plated onto semi-solid medium. To induce germination and plantlet growth, mature embryos were placed on sterile vermiculite saturated with medium. Upon development of roots and two true leaves, plantlets were potted in peat and sand, and hardened. Mature plants and progeny have been obtained with this procedure. A high percentage of infertile plants was observed among the regenerants.

Agrobacterium-Mediated Genetic Transformation of Cotton

“…However, care should be taken to avoid using long-term cultures (more than 6 months), which are known to accumulate somatic mutations and cytogenetic abnormalities leading to undesirable morphological and fertility-related problems in regenerated cotton plants (18)(19)(20). We also demonstrated that it is possible to overcome the problems with long-term cell cultures by using freshly initiated or cryopreserved embryogenic cell cultures (21).…”

Factors influencing high callusing proliferation in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)

“…Callus maturation was achieved on MS basal medium in duration of 2 months. Most of the published works had also reported MS based medium containing 2,4-D and kinetin as the best for callus induction Goodin, 1987 and1988a, b;Kumria et al, 2003;Choudhary et al, 2003;Haq and Zafar, 2004;Tohidfar et al, 2005;Zhao et al, 2006).…”

Genes and Trans-Factors Underlying Embryogenic Transition in Plant Soma-Cells

“…Many researchers reported that few cultivars had shown high regeneration potential in comparison with others of the same species (Rao et al 2006 ;Trolinder and Goodin 1987 ). Similarly, within any particular regenerating cultivar differential magnitude of SE potential has been recorded when selected a typical tissue type as starting material (Perrin et al 2004 ;Carimi et al 2005 ;Gribaudo et al 2004 ).…”