Somatic embryogenesis as a tool for virus elimination in Croatian indigenous grapevine cultivars

Malenica, Nenad; Jagić, Mateja; Pavletić, Bruno; Bauer, Nataša; Vončina, Darko; Zdunić, Goran; Leljak-Levanić, Dunja

doi:10.37427/botcro-2020-008

Cited by 10 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…In this study, virus elimination success ranged from 13.3% to 62.5% depending on garlic ecotype, virus infection and embryogenesis treatment. This success of virus elimination by somatic embryogenesis is lower than the values obtained by Quainoo et al [23] for cocoa trees or Damba et al for cassava [24], but is comparable to the success rate of grapevine virus elimination as reported by Malenica et al [22]. The obtained success rate is also comparable to the results of other methods of garlic virus elimination [11,13,58].…”

Section: Virus Detection and Efficiency Of Virus Eliminationsupporting

confidence: 69%

“…Instead of shoot meristem culture, Haque et al [19] used root tip culture followed by the separation of regenerated tiny shoots from the mother explant (two-step process) for virus elimination from garlic. Somatic embryogenesis alone or combined with thermotherapy [20][21][22] was effective in eliminating grapevine viruses. Somatic embryogenesis has also been successfully used for virus elimination in species such as cacao [23], cassava [24], and sugarcane [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Production of Virus-Free Garlic Plants through Somatic Embryogenesis

et al. 2021

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The present study was conducted to establish a protocol for the regeneration of virus-free garlic plants through somatic embryogenesis of two Croatian garlic ecotypes. Basal parts of cloves from mother plants were cultured on a full Murashige and Skoog (MS) or modified MS medium (¼ of KNO3 and NH4NO3 and 2xMgSO4) containing 0.1 mg L−1 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) or 1 mg L−1 2,4-D + 0.5 mg L−1 kinetin (Kin) and representing four different treatments. Plants were regenerated in MS medium containing 0.1 mg L−1 2,4-D and rooted in a medium containing 0.05 mg L−1 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) + 0.005 mg L−1 6-(γ,γ-dimethylallylamino)purine (2iP). The presence of viruses (i.e., sanitary status) of the mother plants and regenerants was checked by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The mother plants were infected with onion yellow dwarf virus (OYDV) and leek yellow stripe virus (LYSV). In addition, the presence of garlic common latent virus (GCLV) was confirmed in four mother plants. Embryogenic callus developed in all four treatments with success ranging from 55% to 81% depending on treatment and ecotype. Plant conversion was significantly higher in somatic embryos developed in media containing 0.1 mg L−1 2,4-D than those developed in media containing 1 mg L−1 2,4-D + 0.5 mg L−1 Kin. Virus elimination success ranged from 13.3% up to 62.5% depending on garlic ecotype and treatment. The overall rate of virus elimination by somatic embryogenesis for both treatments and ecotypes were 20.7%, 22.9%, and 30.5% for OYDV, GCLV, and LYSV, respectively. Based on these results, somatic embryogenesis has been shown to be equally or more successful in eliminating garlic viruses compared to other in vitro methods.

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Section: Virus Detection and Efficiency Of Virus Eliminationsupporting

confidence: 69%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of Virus-Free Garlic Plants through Somatic Embryogenesis

et al. 2021

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“…The first results for SE based elimination of viruses from grapevine were published by Goussard and coworkers [ 14 ], where grapevine leafroll associated viruses (GLRaV-2 and -3) were eliminated from ‘Roobernet’ cultivar. Using this method, several other viruses and even viroids were successfully eliminated from different cultivars [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 ]. SE protocols vary according to the tissue explant, growth regulator type and concentration, and the direct or indirect somatic embryogenesis strategy (see Table S1 for details and references).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HTS-Based Monitoring of the Efficiency of Somatic Embryogenesis and Meristem Cultures Used for Virus Elimination in Grapevine

Turcsán¹,

Demián

Varga

et al. 2020

Plants

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Meristem culture and somatic embryogenesis are effective tools for virus elimination of vegetatively propagated crops including grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.). While both have been shown to be useful to eliminate the main grapevine viruses, their efficiency differs depending on the virus and grapevine variety. In our work, we investigated the efficiency of these two virus elimination methods using small RNA high-throughput sequencing (HTS) and RT-PCR as virus diagnostics. Field grown mother plants of four clones representing three cultivars, infected with different viruses and viroids, were selected for elimination via somatic embryogenesis (SE) and meristem culture (ME). Our results show for the first time that using SE, elimination in mother plants was effective for all viruses, i.e., grapevine rupestris vein feathering virus (GRVFV), grapevine Syrah virus 1 (GSyV-1), Grapevine virus T (GVT) and grapevine Pinot gris virus (GPGV). This study also confirms previous studies showing that SE is a possible strategy for the elimination of GFkV, GRSPaV, HSVd, and GYSVd-1. Our results demonstrate that the efficacy of virus elimination via SE is relatively high while the purging of viroids is lower. Our work provides evidence that the efficiency of SE is comparable to that of the technically difficult ME technique, and that SE will offer a more effective strategy for the production of virus-free grapevine in the future.

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“…This finding confirmed previous works conducted using other genotypes, in which diagnostic systems less effective than HTS and RT‐qPCR were adopted. In particular, GLRaV‐2 (Goussard et al ., 1991 ), GLRaV‐3 (Goussard et al ., 1991 ; Gambino et al ., 2006 ; Bouamama‐Gzara et al ., 2017 ; San Pedro et al ., 2017 ; Malenica et al ., 2020 ), GRSPaV (Gambino et al ., 2006 ; Bouamama‐Gzara et al ., 2017 ; Turcsan et al ., 2020 ), GFLV (Gambino et al ., 2009 ; San Pedro et al ., 2017 ; Malenica et al ., 2020 ), GFkV (San Pedro et al ., 2017 ; Malenica et al ., 2020 ; Turcsan et al ., 2020 ), GVA (Gambino et al ., 2006 ; Bouamama‐Gzara et al ., 2017 ) and GVT (Turcsan et al ., 2020 ) were efficiently removed from SC. In addition, in the case of GLRaV‐4 and GVD, our results represent the first report of sanitation obtained by SC in grapevine (Table 4 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grapevine virome and production of healthy plants by somatic embryogenesis

Nuzzo

Moine

Nerva

et al. 2022

Microbial Biotechnology

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Summary Grapevine ( Vitis spp.) is a widespread fruit tree hosting many viral entities that interact with the plant modifying its responses to the environment. The production of virus‐free plants is becoming increasingly crucial for the use of grapevine as a model species in different studies. Using high‐throughput RNA sequencing, the viromes of seven mother plants grown in a germplasm collection vineyard were sequenced. In addition to the viruses and viroids already detected in grapevine, we identified 13 putative new mycoviruses. The different spread among grapevine tissues collected in vineyard, greenhouse and in vitro conditions suggested a clear distinction between viruses/viroids and mycoviruses that can successfully be exploited for their identification. Mycoviruses were absent in in vitro cultures, while plant viruses and viroids were particularly accumulated in these plantlets. Somatic embryogenesis applied to the seven mother plants was effective in the elimination of the complete virome, including mycoviruses. However, different sanitization efficiencies for viroids and grapevine pinot gris virus were observed among genotypes. The absence of mycoviruses in in vitro plantlets, associated with the absence of all viral entities in somaclones, suggested that this regeneration technique is also effective to eradicate endophytic/epiphytic fungi, resulting in gnotobiotic or pseudo‐gnotobiotic plants.

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Somatic embryogenesis as a tool for virus elimination in Croatian indigenous grapevine cultivars

Cited by 10 publications

References 38 publications

Production of Virus-Free Garlic Plants through Somatic Embryogenesis

Production of Virus-Free Garlic Plants through Somatic Embryogenesis

HTS-Based Monitoring of the Efficiency of Somatic Embryogenesis and Meristem Cultures Used for Virus Elimination in Grapevine

Grapevine virome and production of healthy plants by somatic embryogenesis

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