Somatic Growth of Brazilian Children and Adolescents With Down Syndrome

Abstract

predetermined genetic plan, which is influenced by the environment 4,5 . Physical growth is considered an important study variable and major international health agencies recommend the monitoring of physical growth as a routine in the medical care of children 6 .The most widely used method for growth evaluations is growth curves 7 . Growth curves were prepared for various ethnic groups and specific populations, among them, children and adolescents with DS 8 . Growth curves for American children and adolescents with SD were the first to be created, becoming one of the worldwide benchmarks for monitoring and tracking the physical growth of people with DS 9 . ABSTRACTIntroduction: growth as a significant indicator of child health has been widely studied. However, the number of studies regarding this indicator in children and adolescents with Down syndrome (DS) in Brazil is still limited. Objective: the purpose of this study is to analyse the somatic growth of Brazilian children and adolescents with DS. Methods: a cross-sectional descriptive study. The sample was comprised of 68 children, 37 boys and 31 girls with DS, from nine to eleven years old. The anthropometric measurements taken were : body weight, height and skinfold thickness. Children with mosaicism and severe heart disease were excluded. For statistical analysis, the value of p <0.05 was adopted. Results: increases in body mass, height and body mass index (BMI) were identified, according to increasing age for both genders. Regarding height, boys had higher values than did girls. However, at age of eleven , there was a slight inversion of the data because the average stature in girls was higher. Regarding body mass, there was a significant difference for boys at nine and eleven years old. Conclusion: boys are taller than girls, with a slight inversion at the age of eleven years old. Further, it was verified that children with normal growth have behaviour similar to children with DS. Significant differences were observed in both genders in relation to BMI and body mass. However, there was no difference in relation to Tricipital and Subscapular skinfolds, as well as to BMI measurements.

Down syndrome-Trisomy 21: Oral and systemic considerations for the dental approach

“…Changes in the immune system lead to a higher prevalence of infections such as pneumonia and sepsis. As for the reproductive system, women are considered fertile and can transmit this syndrome to 50% of their offspring [1][2][3][4][6][7][8][9]16,17,[22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30].…”

“…Down Syndrome (DS) is a set of signs and symptoms [1] characterized by the presence of an additional chromosome 21 causing a condition known as trisomy 21 [2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. It can occur in three ways: free (error in the division during meiosisapproximately 95% of cases), Robertsonian translocation (the fusion of chromosomes 13, 14, 15 with 21 occurs) and mosaicism (presents normal and trisomic cells at the same time).…”

Valoración de la coordinación motriz del niño/a con Síndrome de Down de la Provincia de Barcelona

“…En relación con los estudios con personas con SD, se puede observar un número representativo de estudios que evalúan principalmente la condición física o el desarrollo motor de jóvenes y adultos con SD (Agiovlasitis, Pitetti, Guerra, y Fernhall, 2011;Balic, 2000;Basca y Rodríguez, 2001;Bofill, 2008;Casajús, Pueyo, Vicente-Rodríguez, y González-Agüero, 2012;Cuesta-Vargas y Giné-Garriga, 2014;González-Agüero et al, 2014;Gregory y Martínez, 2016;Guerra, Giné-Garriga, y Fernhall, 2009;Guerra, Llorens, y Fernhall, 2003;Guerra, Pitetti, y Fernhall, 2003;Meegan, Maraj, Weeks, y Chua, 2006). Otros estudios investigan el estado nutricional en las diferentes edades (Bertapelli, Garla, Silva, y Costa, 2013;Freire, Thon, Costa, Duarte, y Garla, 2015;Venegas et al, 2015). Por su parte, los estudios que evalúan el desarrollo motor, psicomotriz o la CM en la infancia son minoritarios pero cada vez más crecientes (Apoloni, Lima, y Vieira, 2013;Brito, 2008;Garrido, Muñoz, García, y Salado, 2015;Gorla et al, 2007;Graupera y Rodríguez Hernández, 2004;Graupera et al ., 2002;Linfante, 2009;Lunkes y Leite, 2011;Martínez López y Fernández Chacón, 2015;Palisano et al, 2001 ;Rodríguez Hernández, 2009;Rodríguez Hernández, 2016;Varela, 2006).…”

“…Según Freire et al . (2015) los niños con SD tienen un déficit en el crecimiento que puede comenzar en el período prenatal.…”