Somatostatin Receptor Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography in Giant Cell Myocarditis: A Promising Approach to Molecular Myocardial Inflammation Imaging

Polte, Christian L.; Bollano, Entela; Oldfors, Anders; Dudás, Anna; Lagerstrand, Kerstin; Himmelman, Jakob; Bobbio, Emanuele; Karason, Kristjan; Essen, Marc van; Bergh, Niklas

doi:10.1161/circimaging.121.013551

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Furthermore, hybrid imaging techniques like PET/MR with the potential to also visualize myocardial inflammation on a molecular level might further improve the diagnostic capabilities. One such promising method for molecular inflammation imaging is somatostatin receptor imaging [ 125 , 126 , 127 ]. Finally, randomized controlled trials are needed to improve the treatment of patients with inflammatory heart disease.…”

Section: Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance in Myocarditis

et al. 2022

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Myocarditis is an inflammatory disease of the myocardium, and its diagnosis remains challenging owing to a varying clinical presentation and broad spectrum of underlying aetiologies. In clinical practice, cardiovascular magnetic resonance has become an invaluable non-invasive imaging tool in the evaluation of patients with clinically suspected myocarditis, mainly thanks to its unique multiparametric tissue characterization ability. Although considered as useful, the method also has its limitations. This review aims to provide an up-to-date overview of the strengths and weaknesses of cardiovascular magnetic resonance in the diagnostic work-up of patients with clinically suspected myocarditis in a broad clinical context.

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Section: Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance in Myocarditis

et al. 2022

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“…Nonetheless, the role of 18F-FDG PET/CT in patients with suspected GCM is still a matter of debate. A further method enabling molecular imaging of myocardial inflammation is somatostatin receptor PET/CT, which showed promising results in GCM [93].…”

Section: Imaging Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomarkers in Acute Myocarditis and Chronic Inflammatory Cardiomyopathy: An Updated Review of the Literature

Crisci,

Bobbio,

Gentile

et al. 2023

JCM

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Myocarditis is a disease caused by cardiac inflammation that can progress to dilated cardiomyopathy, heart failure, and eventually death. Several etiologies, including autoimmune, drug-induced, and infectious, lead to inflammation, which causes damage to the myocardium, followed by remodeling and fibrosis. Although there has been an increasing understanding of pathophysiology, early and accurate diagnosis, and effective treatment remain challenging due to the high heterogeneity. As a result, many patients have poor prognosis, with those surviving at risk of long-term sequelae. Current diagnostic methods, including imaging and endomyocardial biopsy, are, at times, expensive, invasive, and not always performed early enough to affect disease progression. Therefore, the identification of accurate, cost-effective, and prognostically informative biomarkers is critical for screening and treatment. The review then focuses on the biomarkers currently associated with these conditions, which have been extensively studied via blood tests and imaging techniques. The information within this review was retrieved through extensive literature research conducted on major publicly accessible databases and has been collated and revised by an international panel of experts. The biomarkers discussed in the article have shown great promise in clinical research studies and provide clinicians with essential tools for early diagnosis and improved outcomes.

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“…SSTR2 gene expression is upregulated by macrophages stimulated in vitro, and the SST 2 receptor is co-expressed by CD68-positive macrophages in carotid endarterectomy specimens from stroke patients, 1 as well as endomyocardial biopsies from patients with cardiac sarcoidosis and myocarditis. 3 Unlike 18 F-FDG, somatostatin receptor PET tracers such as 68 Ga-DOTATATE have very low background activity in the healthy heart allowing for unhindered assessment of pathological myocardial inflammation without the need for dietary myocardial suppression. Indeed, clear infarct-related 68 Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT uptake was observed in patients with both recent MI and chronic ischemic left ventricular dysfunction, in a post hoc analysis of the VISION study.…”

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confidence: 99%