Some Considerations on Chestnut Development in the 21st Century in China

Liu, L.; Zhou, Jianhong

doi:10.17660/actahortic.1999.494.11

Cited by 4 publications

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“…It is not surprising, given the former staple food function of the chestnut in this mountain region in southern Switzerland, that the most suitable cultivars have excellent fresh and dry storage traits (Conedera et al 1993 ) . Liu and Zhou ( 1999 ) identifi ed the best six Chinese cultivars ( C. mollissima ) out of 28 examined. These include 'Chu shu hong', 'Jiu jia zhong', 'Duan zha', 'Qin zha', 'Jiao zha', and 'Jian ding you li'.…”

Section: Varietal Groupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chestnut

et al. 2011

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The genus Castanea , chestnuts and chinkapins, belongs to the family Fagaceae , which includes other important timber producing genera such as Quercus and Fagus . The genus Castanea is divided into three geographically delimited sections with at least seven consistently recognized interfertile species: 4 species in Asia ( C. mollissima , C. henryi , C. seguinii , and C. crenata ), two or more species in North America ( C. dentata , C. ozarkensis , and C. pumila ) and one in Europe and Turkey ( C. sativa ). The two most important diseases of chestnut are ink disease ( Phytophthora ) and chestnut blight ( Cryphonectria ). Resistance to these is the major objective for rootstock breeding in Europe and scion breeding in North America. In both cases, the source of resistance was Asian species. European breeding programs developed resistant hybrid rootstocks, which are propagated by stooling, cuttings, or in vitro culture. A major pest of chestnut is the gall wasp Dryocosmus kuriphilus whose control is based on the spread of parasitoids but also on the selection of resistant cultivars. For nut production, the most important breeding objectives include the following: good horticultural traits, product quality, suitability to storage and processing, and ease of peeling. For timber, important characters include wood quality, rapid growth, and nonchecking of wood (ring-shake). Molecular maps have been developed, which has expanded the genetic knowledge of the chestnut. An effi cient genetic transformation protocol for C. sativa through the coculture of somatic embryos with different strains of Agrobacterium tumefaciens has been described.

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Section: Varietal Groupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chestnut

et al. 2011

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“…are naturally distributed throughout Japan and China, respectively. Both species are reported to have been prehistorically domesticated [1][2][3] and are still economically important for production of edible nuts. These two species have large differences in both genetic and morphological properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic evidence that Chinese chestnut cultivars in Japan are derived from two divergent genetic structures that originated in China

et al. 2020

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The Chinese chestnut (Castanea mollissima Bl.) was introduced into Japan about 100 years ago. Since then, a number of Chinese chestnut cultivars and Japanese-Chinese hybrid cultivars have been selected by farmers and plant breeders, but little information has been available about their origins and genetic relationships. A classification based on simple sequence repeat markers was conducted using 230 cultivars including Japanese chestnut (Castanea crenata Sieb. et Zucc.) cultivars originated in Japan, Japanese-Chinese hybrid cultivars, and Chinese chestnut cultivars originated in both Japan and China. First, a search for synonyms (cultivars with identical genotypes) revealed 23 synonym groups among the Chinese chestnut cultivars, and all but one cultivar from each synonym group was omitted from further analyses. Second, genetic structure analysis showed a clear division between Japanese and Chinese chestnut, and most of the Japanese and Chinese cultivars had a simple genetic structure corresponding to the expected species. On the other hand, most Japanese-Chinese hybrid cultivars had admixed genetic structure. Through a combination of parentage and chloroplast haplotype analyses, 16 of the 18 hybrid cultivars in this study were inferred to have parent-offspring relationships with other cultivars originated in Japan. Finally, Bayesian clustering and chloroplast haplotype analysis showed that the 116 Chinese chestnut cultivars could be divided into two groups: one originated in the Hebei region of China and the other originated in the Jiangsu and Anhui regions of China. The Chinese chestnut cultivars selected in Japan showed various patterns of genetic structure including Hebei origin, Jiangsu or Anhui origin, and admixed. The chestnut cultivar genetic classifications obtained in this study will be useful for both Japanese and Chinese chestnut breeding programs.

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“…Although it is logical to think that an astaminate or brachystaminate cultivar, which does not produce any pollen, reserved more energy to produce a bigger nut. This means there is no close correlation between male sterility and quality of the fruit but perhaps between male sterility and productivity as suggested by Liu and Zhou (1999). A total of 712 accessions corresponding to 159 cultivars studied in Spain showed that only 8% were astaminate, 12% brachystaminate, 35% mesostaminate and 45 longistaminate.…”

Section: Floral Biologymentioning

confidence: 89%

“…In China, selection from seedling orchards by grafting the best accessions is a new program developed recently (Liu and Zhou, 1999), and forty excellent cultivars have been introduced in the germplasm bank of the Institute of Botany of Nanjing.…”

Section: Origin Of the Cultivarsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production Practices and Quality Assessment of Food Crops Volume 1

Dris¹,

Jain²

2004

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Some Considerations on Chestnut Development in the 21st Century in China

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Chestnut

Chestnut

Genetic evidence that Chinese chestnut cultivars in Japan are derived from two divergent genetic structures that originated in China

Production Practices and Quality Assessment of Food Crops Volume 1

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