Some effects of annual treatment and re-treatments on morbidity indicators or urinary schistosomiasis

Ejezie, GC; Udoh, A. E.; Meremikwu, Martin; Odigwe, Chibuzo; Useh, MF

doi:10.1016/s1383-5769(98)80276-6

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…In fact, the cure 'rate' achieved in the present study (70.1%) was slightly higher than that seen by Ejezie et al (1998) when they used praziquantel in the same area (67%). The pre-treatment prevalences of infection (71%), microhaematuria (83%) and proteinuria (94%) were reduced to 23%, 27.5% and 19%, respectively, after two annual treatments with praziquantel (Ejezie et al, 1998). The administration of a double dose of artesunate, with an interval of a few weeks, may pose a problem of compliance.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 78%

“…Control using praziquantel is hampered, both at individual and community level, by the high cost of the drug. When just the schoolchildren in this community were given three annual treatments with praziquantel, the prevalence of S. haematobium infection amongst the treated children dropped from 71% to 23% (Ejezie et al, 1998). These gains could not be sustained, however, because the government was unwilling to sponsor a community-wide administration of praziquantel.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Efficacy of artesunate in the treatment of urinary schistosomiasis, in an endemic community in Nigeria

Inyang-Etoh

Useh

et al. 2004

Annals of Tropical Medicine & Parasitology

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The efficacy and tolerability of oral artesunate for the treatment of urinary schistosomiasis was assessed among schoolchildren aged 5-18 years in Adim community, Nigeria. Overall, 500 children, randomly selected from those attending the Presbyterian primary school, were each invited to provide two consecutive urine samples. Using standard parasitological procedures, Schistosoma haematobium ova were found in the samples from 145 (29.0%) of the subjects. Most (87) of the infected subjects were then treated orally with artesunate, using two doses, each of 6 mg/kg, given 2 weeks apart. When the treated children were re-examined 4 weeks after the second dose of artesunate, 61 (70.1%) appeared egg-negative and were therefore considered cured. Post-treatment, the geometric mean egg count (GMEC) for the treated subjects who were not cured was significantly lower than the pre-treatment GMEC for all the treated subjects, with log10[(eggs/10 ml urine) + 1] values of 0.9 v. 1.75 (t = 4.45; P < 0.05). The cure 'rate' for the subjects aged > or = 10 years was slightly higher than that among the younger subjects. It was lowest for the heavier subjects (70% for those weighing 41-50 kg) and highest (79%) for the subjects who weighed 31-40 kg. The artesunate was well tolerated. This observation of a therapeutic effect of artesunate against S. haematobium in Nigeria confirms recent observations from Senegal. In the Adim community at least, it would be more cost-effective to treat urinary schistosomiasis with artesunate than with praziquantel. The wide-spread use of artesunate against schistosomiasis has to be considered carefully, however, if it is not to compromise the efficacy of the drug as an antimalarial, by increasing the risk of resistance developing in local Plasmodium.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 78%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of artesunate in the treatment of urinary schistosomiasis, in an endemic community in Nigeria

Inyang-Etoh

Useh

et al. 2004

Annals of Tropical Medicine & Parasitology

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“…This prevalence rate was also lower than 38.5% obtained in Biase and Yakurr Local Government Areas by Adie et al [11]. Perhaps the low prevalence rate observed in this study might be as a result of increased awareness and different researchers visiting the study area to administer treatment such as: praziquantel alone [14], artesunate alone [8], and praziquantel and artesunate [9]. Similar reduction from 38.5% to 0.17% was observed in Biase and Yakurr Local Government Areas after administration of praziquantel [11].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 62%

“…The endemicity of urinary schistosomiasis has been confirmed in Adim Community, Nigeira [5,[7][8][9][10]. Several researchers in a way to control this infection in this community had administered different treatment regiments such as: praziquantel alone [14], artesunate alone [8], and praziquantel and artesunate [9] among others. However, with all these interventions, urinary schistosomiasis is still endemic in this community.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nuclear Matrix Protein 22 and Cytological Findings in Urine of Residents of Urogenital Schistosomiasis in an Endemic Community

Etuk¹,

Inyang-Etoh²,

Udonkang³

et al. 2018

Journal of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases

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Objective: Urogenital schistosomiasis has continued to cause severe morbidity among residents of Adim community. The aim of the study was to screen both adults and children residents of this community for urine tumour markers and to stain cytologically for epithelial changes which indicate the risk of them being predispose to bladder cancer. Methods: Terminal urine samples were collected by simple random sampling method from 350 subjects (300 children and 50 adults) in Adim Community for microscopy using standard parasitological methods, urinalysis, ELISAbased Nuclear Matrix Protein 22 (NMP22), and Papanicolaou-and Alcian blue-stained cytological analysis. Results: S. haematobium infection was observed in 18 (5.1%), proteinuria 21 (6.0%) and hematuria 30 (8.6%). Age group 25-31 years had the highest level of NMP22 values (1692.3 ± 46.4) among the adults and children. The difference was statistically significant (P=0.001). In general male subjects had higher NMP22 values (1214.6+ 487.1) than females (1198.9+ 472.9) (P=0.389). The cytological findings showed abnormal epithelial cells in Papanicolaou stain 2 (0.57%) and hyaluronic acid 1 (0.29%). Cytological findings with Papanicolaou stain revealed metaplasia 1 (0.3%), mild dysplasia 1 (0.3%), inflammation 6 (1.7%), and hyaluronic acid positive cells 1 (0.29%). Conclusion: The study showed S. haematobium prevalence of 5.1% but NMP 22 values were not positive for bladder cancer. The cytological findings revealed metaplasia, mild dysplasia and hyaluronic acid positive epithelial changes which are indicators for bladder cancer.

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“…In an endemic community in Nigeria, this author and colleagues have shown that the pre-treatment prevalence of S. haematobium of 71% with microhaematuria and proteinuria of 83% and 94% respectively declined to 23%, 27.5% and 19% respectively after two annual treatments with PZQ. As a result of the high cost of the drug and the labour intensive diagnostic methods involved, the authors recommended that chemotherapy should be given at yearly intervals to targeted schoolage children (Ejezie et al, 1998). The implication of this recommendation is that the money invested in diagnosis could be used in the procurement of more tablets of PZQ.…”

Section: Field Studies On the Efficacy And Effectiveness Of Pzqmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of Schistosomiasis

Useh¹

2012

Schistosomiasis

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Some effects of annual treatment and re-treatments on morbidity indicators or urinary schistosomiasis

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Efficacy of artesunate in the treatment of urinary schistosomiasis, in an endemic community in Nigeria

Efficacy of artesunate in the treatment of urinary schistosomiasis, in an endemic community in Nigeria

Nuclear Matrix Protein 22 and Cytological Findings in Urine of Residents of Urogenital Schistosomiasis in an Endemic Community

Control of Schistosomiasis

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