Some effects of environmental stress on seed yield of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) walp.) cv. Prima

Summerfield, R. J.; Huxley, P. A.; Dart, P. J.; Hughes, A. P.

doi:10.1007/bf00011373

Cited by 43 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…From the obtained data, moisture stress at vegetative stage significantly reduced branch production in this study. This is in line with the work of Mustapha et al (2014) who found that water stress reduced branching in selected soya bean genotypes; and Summerfield et al (1976) who reported that water-stressed cowpea plants were reduced in branching. Reduction in the number of secondary buds can be a phenomenon by the plants to decrease surface area over which transpiration takes place.…”

Section: Effect Of Water Stress On Growth Parameters Of Nightshades Nsupporting

confidence: 92%

Effects of water stress on phenolic content and antioxidant activity of African nightshades

Okello¹,

Gweyi²,

Nawiri³

et al. 2017

J Nat Prod Biochem

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Okello OP, Gweyi JPO, Nawiri Mp, Musila W. 2017. Effects of water stress on phenolic contents and antioxidant activity of African nightshades. Biofarmasi J Nat Prod Biochem 15: 79-95. This study aimed at mapping out the distribution of different African Nightshade species in Siaya and Kisii Counties of Kenya and to determine water stress effect on total antioxidant capacity and total phenolic content of two selected African nightshade namely, giant nightshade (Solanum scabrum) and black nightshade (Solanum villosum). Before selection of the two varieties, the study involved farmer field visits, mapping of nightshades present and administration of semi-structured questionnaires to farmers to determine the indigenous vegetables being grown, the nightshade species grown and factors affecting their production. The experiments were conducted both in the field and greenhouse conditions. Watering intervals were at 15 cbars, 50 cbars, and 85 cbars. Data on the number of secondary buds, leaf area, shoot height, shoot and root dry weights were gathered. The total antioxidant capacity and the total phenolic content were recorded using DPPH radical scavenging method and Folin-Ciolcalteu method, respectively. The data collected were subjected to ANOVA. In both counties where production was 100% under small scale, Solanum scabrum was the main variety grown is Siaya County (36%) while in Kisii the main variety was Solanum villosum (32%). There were significant differences (Pâ‰¤0.05) among treatments in leaf area, plant height, shoot biomass, number of secondary buds, leaf and root total phenolic content and leaf and root antioxidant activity. At all stress levels, Solanum scabrum exhibited the tallest plants with a maximum height of 45.17cm at 15cbars, while Solanum villosum had the shortest plants at all stress levels, with the shortest one being recorded at 16.65 cm at 85 cbars. S. scabrum also had the highest root dry weight (7.78g), shoot dry weight (50.78g) and highest leaf area of (304.45cm2). However, Solanum villosum had the highest number of secondary buds at all stress levels with the highest being 24 at 15 cbars. Concerning phytochemicals, Solanum villosum had a higher concentration of both the total phenolics and antioxidant activity in the shoots (46.41g GAE/Kg DM total phenolic content and 52.68% total antioxidant activity). Meanwhile, Solanum scabrum had a higher concentration in the roots (25.06gGAE/Kg DM total phenolic content and 27.18% total antioxidant activity). Water stress cause a decline in all growth parameters but increased phytochemical accumulation in nightshade accessions grown. It is therefore suggested that for better yields, irrigation should be performed at every 15 cbars, however for adequate phytochemical accumulation, the irrigation should be carried out at 50 cbars. Further research to explore and quantify other phytochemical components as affected by different watering regimes need to be undertaken.

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Section: Effect Of Water Stress On Growth Parameters Of Nightshades Nsupporting

confidence: 92%

Effects of water stress on phenolic content and antioxidant activity of African nightshades

Okello¹,

Gweyi²,

Nawiri³

et al. 2017

J Nat Prod Biochem

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“…Biscoe & Gallagher (1977) have reviewed this topic. Shading experiments with cowpea reduced seed yield by reducing number of pods though there was a slight increase in mean pod weight (Summerfield et al 1976).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

The growth and development of cowpeas (Vigna unguiculata)under tropical field conditions: 2. Accumulation and partition of dry weight

Littleton¹,

Dennett²,

Monteith³

et al. 1979

J. Agric. Sci.

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SUMMARYThe pattern of dry weight accumulation and partition of cowpea crops grown in Nigeria is described. For the first 50 days, increase in dry matter was proportional to intercepted radiation. Differences in dry weight between crops were due equally to variations in incident solar radiation, the fraction of this radiation intercepted, and the efficiency with which it was used. The variation in total pod weight from 206 to 312 g/ma resulted from differences in number of pods, mean pod weight being constant. The pod weight ratio was relatively constant and there was a strong relationship between final number of pods and total plant dry weight.

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“…The few studies that measured cowpea NA when water was limiting showed that NA was depressed during periods of water deficit (Summerfield et al 1976;Wien et a\. 1979) In a greenhouse study, Summerfield et al (1916), showed that cowpea NA was unable to recover from drought stress imposed at preflowering stages.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

NITROGENASE ACTIVITY OF COWPEA (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) DURING AND AFTER DROUGHT STRESS

Pararajasingham¹,

Knievel²

1990

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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Pane.nerasrNcHAM, s. AND KNTEVEL, D. P. 1990. Nitrogenase activity of cowpea (vigna unguiculata (L.) walp.) during and after drought stress. can. J. Plant Greenhouse experiments were conducted with the objectives (1) to investigate the nitrogenase activity (NA) of cowpea (vigna unguiculata (L.) walp.) root,nodules during the divelopment of and subsequent recovery from drought stress and (2) La diminution de l'activit6 de la nitrog6nase des nodosit6s s'est produite deux jours avant la r6duction du potentiel hydrique, en raison semble{-il de la diminution de la teneur en eau du sol.-Ce ph6nombne, combin6 au fait que le potentiel hydrique des nodosit6s s'est r6tabli avant I'activitd de la nitrog6nase, vient appuyer I'hypothdse selon laquelle le potentiel hydrique des nodositds n'est pas en soi la principale cause de la Can. J. Plant Sci. 70: 163-17l (Jan. 1990) Following the sampling of leaf discs for the measurement of leaf water potential, the plant and soil were removed from the pot and most of the soil adhering to the roots was gently removed.Several subsamples of soil were coilected, bulked and immediately weighed. Gravimetric soil water content was determined after oven drying to a constant weight at 105"C.

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Some effects of environmental stress on seed yield of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) walp.) cv. Prima

Cited by 43 publications

References 12 publications

Effects of water stress on phenolic content and antioxidant activity of African nightshades

Effects of water stress on phenolic content and antioxidant activity of African nightshades

The growth and development of cowpeas (Vigna unguiculata)under tropical field conditions: 2. Accumulation and partition of dry weight

NITROGENASE ACTIVITY OF COWPEA (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) DURING AND AFTER DROUGHT STRESS

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