Some observations on wear and damages in cemented carbide tools

Melo, Anderson Clayton Alves de; Milan, Júlio César Giubilei; Silva, Márcio Bacci da; Machado, Álisson Rocha

doi:10.1590/s1678-58782006000300004

Cited by 35 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Due to the high ductility, the compressed chip material forms a burr at the end of the depth of cut, which is very hard due to the high work-hardening rate of the alloy. Consequently, this burr generates a furrowing effect in this region of the tool, causing increased notch wear [7]. Oliveira et al [13] performed turning experiments with a super duplex stainless steel alloy composed of 27 % Cr, 7 % Ni, and 4 % Mo using a PVD multi-coated (TiAlN and TiN layers) cemented carbide tool, ISO grade M25.…”

Section: Super Duplex Stainless Steelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The heating and cooling of the tool as it enters and leaves the workpiece in each revolution are the source of the temperature variations between the tool's surfaces and the bulk of the insert, generating thermal stresses that may cause cracks in the cutting edge. The growth of these cracks as the cutting progresses results either in chipping or, sometimes, in breakage of the cutting edge [7]. The cyclic expansion and contraction of the tool layers promoted by the temperature variation when they are heated and cooled in each revolution are the origin of crack nucleation [2].…”

Section: Introduction-general Review Of Tool Wear Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the milling of hard materials and when shocks are very intense, a tool with negative axial and radial angles is recommended, although a tool with a positive axial angle and a negative radial angle may also be used to increase the tool shock resistance [1]. Cemented carbide tools with a high Co content are very resistant to chipping and fracture due to their increased toughness [7].…”

Section: Introduction-general Review Of Tool Wear Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tool wear mechanisms in the machining of steels and stainless steels

Diniz

Machado

Corrêa

2016

Int J Adv Manuf Technol

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In machining processes, tool performance is measured by the tool life, which is determined by the tool wear rate. This rate is strongly dependent on the tool wear mechanisms that occur in a specific process. Moreover, determining the wear mechanism is a fundamental task for the development of cutting tools. However, the tool wear mechanism depends on factors such as the workpiece material, the cutting operation, the properties of the tool material, the cutting conditions, and the cooling/lubrication system. This study aims to contribute to the understanding of the mechanisms that cause wear in tools. First, it presents a review of the literature describing the wear mechanisms that are present in metal cutting. Then, an analysis of the tool wear mechanisms during the machining of steels and stainless steels using different cutting tools is presented based on a review of studies performed mostly by research groups at the University of Campinas and Federal University of Uberlandia, Brazil. This analysis was performed using pictures of the worn regions taken in a scanning electronic microscope (SEM) with energydispersive spectroscopy (EDS) device which are fundamental to better understand the causes of tool wear. The major findings of this work were as follows: (i) Attrition is a very important wear mechanism in the machining of ductile materials such as steels and stainless steels; (ii) when a steel alloy with high ductility and work hardening rate is machined, a hard burr occurs in the end of the depth of cut and the burrfurrowing effect on the tool coating stimulates the attrition mechanism; and (iii) other wear mechanisms like abrasion and diffusion also appear in the machining of steels and stainless steels.

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Section: Super Duplex Stainless Steelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introduction-general Review Of Tool Wear Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introduction-general Review Of Tool Wear Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Tool wear mechanisms in the machining of steels and stainless steels

Diniz

Machado

Corrêa

2016

Int J Adv Manuf Technol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Also, BUE formation can lead to mass loss or mass dislocation as it grows throughout the cutting process and periodically breaks off, creating cracks on the tool surface and break-out the cutting edge [11]. Figure 7d shows intensive chipping developed on the cutting edge, which indicates that mechanical fatigue caused by BUE formation caused damage to the cutting tool [32]. Above the cutting edge in Figure 7e, there is a smooth surface, which is associated with diffusion wear.…”

Section: Tool Wear Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Coated Cutting Tool Performance during Machining of Super Duplex Stainless Steels through 3D Wear Evaluations

et al. 2017

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Abstract:In this study, the wear mechanisms and tribological performance of uncoated and coated carbide tools were investigated during the turning of super duplex stainless steel (SDSS)-Grade UNS S32750, known commercially as SAF 2507. The tool wear was evaluated throughout the cutting tests and the wear mechanisms were investigated using an Alicona Infinite Focus microscope and a scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). Tribo-film formation on the worn rake surface of the tool was analyzed using X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS). In addition, tribological performance was evaluated by studying chip characteristics such as thickness, compression ratio, shear angle, and undersurface morphology. Finally, surface integrity of the machined surface was investigated using the Alicona microscope to measure surface roughness and SEM to reveal the surface distortions created during the cutting process, combined with cutting force analyses. The results obtained showed that the predominant wear mechanisms are adhesion and chipping for all tools investigated and that the AlTiN coating system exhibited better performance in all aspects when compared with CVD TiCN + Al 2 O 3 coated cutting insert and uncoated carbide insert; in particular, built-up edge formation was significantly reduced.

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“…It is worth mentioning that the most likely dominant wear mechanisms of WC-Co tools at low speeds/temperatures during the machining process are abrasion, followed by adhesion at moderate speeds/temperatures and then diffusion at high speeds/temperatures. Of course, all of them cannot occur simultaneously, and the dominant wear mechanism depends on the machining conditions and work materials [4][5] . Morphologically, WC-Co cemented carbides consist of hard WC embedded in ductile Co [6][7][8][9] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Cr3C2 and TaC Additives on Microstructure, Hardness and Fracture Toughness of WC-6Co Tool Material Fabricated by Spark Plasma Sintering

2017

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Spark plasma sintering has been used to successfully produce WC-6Co-xCr 3 C 2 , WC-6Co-xTaC (x = 0.2, 0.6, 1.0) and WC-6Co-xCr 3 C 2 -xTaC (x = 0.1, 0.3, 0.5) cemented carbides. The spark plasma sintered compacts were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, hardness tests and fracture toughness tests. The results were compared to an additives-free WC-6Co cemented carbide consolidated under the same process parameters and commercial ISO K10 inserts. By using Cr 3 C 2 and TaC additives, it is possible to improve the hardness and fracture toughness of WC-Co cemented carbides. The best combination of hardness (1936 ± 15 HV 30 ) and fracture toughness (10.38 ± 0.46 MPa•m 1/2 ) was obtained by the WC-6Co-1Cr 3 C 2 .

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Some observations on wear and damages in cemented carbide tools

Cited by 35 publications

References 10 publications

Tool wear mechanisms in the machining of steels and stainless steels

Tool wear mechanisms in the machining of steels and stainless steels

Investigation of Coated Cutting Tool Performance during Machining of Super Duplex Stainless Steels through 3D Wear Evaluations

The Effect of Cr3C2 and TaC Additives on Microstructure, Hardness and Fracture Toughness of WC-6Co Tool Material Fabricated by Spark Plasma Sintering

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