Some Pharmacodynamic Aspects of Cefepime

Abstract

Some pharmacodynamic effects of cefepime, a new injectable semisynthetic cephalosporin, were studied in laboratory animals and the following results were obtained. Cefepime maximally stimulated isolated guinea pig's ileum, rat's colon (80 μg/mL bath), and rabbit's duodenum (400 μg/mL bath). Contrarily, complete relaxation of isolated rat's fundic strip was produced by 80 μg/mL bath. Effects of cefepime on isolated rat's uterine muscle were different according to stage of sex cycle. Cefepime did not induce any effects on the resting tonus of isolated guinea pig's tracheal chain and rabbit's aortic strip. Concentrations of 200 and 400 μg/mL bath induced marked inhibition in the force of muscular twitches of the isolated frog's gastrocnemius muscle which was less potent than that induced by procaine hydrochloride 2%. Cefepime completely blocked the neuromuscular transmission of frog's rectus abdominis muscle (40 μg/mL bath) and rat's phrenic nerve hemidiaphragm preparation (200 μg/mL bath). This blockade was reversed by acetylcholine and neostigmine. Cefepime produced dose-dependent negative inotropic effect on isolated rabbit's heart and guinea pig's auricles. There were no changes in blood pressure and rate of respiration in anaesthetized dog after cefepime injection. These findings indicate that cefepime has a low potential to produce adverse reactions at therapeutic doses.

The Antinociceptive and Antipyretic Potentials of Cefepime

“…This was evidenced by the decline in rat's feverish BT induced after s.c. administration of Brewer's yeast suspension. This effect seemed to be mediated centrally through an action on the heat-regulating center in such a manner to increase heat loss by peripheral vasodilatation of skin blood vessels, as well as the direct vascular relaxant and negative inotropic effect of cefepime (Elsayed et al, 2013). This finding is consistent with that recorded by Goto et al who recorded cefepime-induced significant hypothermia in mice (Goto et al, 1992).…”

“…Analgesics, antipyretics, and others are generally prescribed along with antibiotics for the remediation of systemic infections with fever and pain. However, many antibiotics including cefepime have other pharmacological actions like reducing spontaneous locomotor activity, relaxing the skeletal muscles, stimulating intestinal movements, potentiating anesthesia in mice, inducing significant hypothermia and analgesia (Elsayed et al, 2013;Goto et al, 1992;Kadota et al, 1992). Hasegawa et al showed that cefadroxil inhibited gastric secretion and raised the biliary secretion in rats (Hasegawa et al, 1979).…”

“…Cefepime is active in vitro against diverse bacteria and is stable against numerous beta-lactamases (Nguyen et al, 2014). Cefepime was reported to have a low potential to produce adverse reactions at therapeutic doses (Elsayed et al, 2013;Elsayed et al, 2014).…”

تأثیر مستخلص أوراق الخرشوف ضد إصابة الکلى ببرومات البوتاسیوم فی الفئران وإمکانیة إضافته فی بعض السلطات الصالحة للأکل

“…The kidney is an important organ that the body needs to perform several important functions including maintaining balance, regulating of the extracellular environment, such as detoxification and excretion of toxic metabolites and drugs (Ferguson et al, 2008). Due to its high vessels and complex metabolic activities, many drugs and environmental antibiotics cause toxicity of the kidney (Elsayed et al, 2014). Diagnose kidney disease with objective measures of kidney damage and function has been recognized as a major burden to public health.…”