Some Pharmacologic Similarities of Ketamine, Lidocaine, and Procaine

Dowdy, Elizabeth G.; Kaya, Kerem; Gocho, Y

doi:10.1213/00000539-197309000-00039

Cited by 62 publications

(33 citation statements)

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“…Thus, it can potentiate the effect of bupivacaine andenhance the intra-operative anesthesia and analgesia in addition to postoperative analgesia [16] . Lashgarinia et al [17] , Tverskoy et al [18] , Dowdy et al [19] and Weber et al [20] there result confirm the potential analgesic effect of ketamine as adjuvant to nerve block.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

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Effects of Adjuvant in Potentiating the Analgesic Effect of Fascia Iliaca Compartment Block

Attia¹,

Zein²,

Internationals³

2017

J Anesth Surg

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Objective: Nerve blocks for postoperative analgesia have increased significantly lately. Beside the use of adjuvants plus local anesthetics in nerve block in order to extend the analgesia time. Materials and Methods: Sixty elderly patients, ASA grades II and III scheduled for surgery after hip fracture under intrathecal anesthesia with pre-operative FICB, The patients were blindly randomly allocated into three-study groups, all of them received preoperative FICB "bupivacaine 0.25 % with adjuvant either Group K received ketamine (50 mg), Group D received Dexmedetomidine (100 µg) and Group KD received ketamine (50 mg) + Dexmedetomidine (100 µg) plus intrathecal block. Results: Group "KD" showed more satisfactory during positions to receive intrathecal block in compare with either groups due to significant rapid onset of preoperative analgesia in compared with other groups, group KD show significant rapid onset of sensory and motor block, prolonged duration of sensory block, and postoperative analgesia as compare with both group with significant decrease in total analgesic requirement. While group D provided significant prolonged duration of sensory block, and postoperative analgesia when compare with group K with significant decrease in total analgesic requirement. There were no significant difference between the three groups, hemodynamic change (heart rate and blood pressure) and side effects in form of baradycardia, hypotension, nausea, vomiting and sedation. Conclusion: The addition of ketamine, dexmedetomidine with bupivacaine 25% in FICB, is considered the best combination for intrathecal anesthesia for hip repair surgery in elderly patients. It provided intraoperative hemodynamic stability, prolonged motor and sensory block as well as potentiating the postoperative analgesic effect with minimal complications.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…Local anesthetic properties of ketamine were demonstrated by Dowdy et al [19] who reported that ketamine could produce reversible inhibition of the mixed action potential in the stimulated frog sciatic nerve. Also, dogs injected with ketamine rapidly developed reversible segmental paralysis with no alteration inconsciousness state.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Effects of Adjuvant in Potentiating the Analgesic Effect of Fascia Iliaca Compartment Block

Attia¹,

Zein²,

Internationals³

2017

J Anesth Surg

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“…Since the first publication on the epidural administration of ketamine in human in 1982, various studies on pharmacology, toxicology and clinical use of ketamine by the epidural and intrathecal routes have been published. Ketamine is a phencyclidine derivative, has a chemical structure similar to that of lignocaine and procaine 6 . Ketamine antagonizes NMDA receptors and prevents wind up and long term potentiation 14 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ketamine has been reported to produce not only general but also local anesthesia 6 . It also interacts with N-methyl-Daspartate (NMDA) receptors 7 , opioid receptors 8 , monoaminergic receptors 9 , muscarinic receptors 10 , and voltage gated calcium channels 11 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidural administration of ketamine or fentanyl with bupivacaine for postoperative analgesia A comparative study

Maruf¹,

Chowdhury

Lateef³

et al. 2014

j Bangladesh Soc Anaesthesiologists

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“…4 The usefulness of intrathecal ketamine in human and animal studies has been reported with differing results. [5][6][7][8] Although a variety of anesthetic medicines are used intrathecally on a daily basis, experimental neurotoxic studies on these drugs are not sufficient, and contradictory results have been reported. [9][10][11][12] In order to increase the safety of clinical practices, there is a need for more experimental studies evaluating the neurotoxic effects of anesthetics, without the need for clinical feedback.…”

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confidence: 99%

Neurotoxic Effects of Ketamine and Different Doses of Ropivacaine Administered Intrathecally in Rabbits

Sezen¹,

Demiraran²,

Güven³

et al. 2013

Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Sci

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A AB BS S T TR RA AC CT T O Ob b j je ec c t ti i v ve e: : Although a variety of anesthetic medicines are used intrathecally, experimental neurotoxic studies on these drugs are not sufficient. In our study, we used immunocytochemical examination to assess the neurotoxic potential of ketamine and different doses of ropivacaine administered intrathecally. M Ma a t te e r ri i a al l a an nd d M Me et t h ho od ds s: : Thirty rabbits were divided into five groups which were inserted spinal catheters under anesthesia. Each group received in a volume of 0.3 ml, as follows: the R0.2 group received 0.2% ropivacaine, the R0.75 group received 0.75% ropivacaine, the R1 group received 1.0% ropivacaine, the K group received preservative-free S (+) ketamine and the C group received 0.9% NaCl. The onset and duration of action were recorded by using Motor Dysfunction Index (MDI). Rabbits were observed for five days and then euthanasized. After catheters were removed, brains and spinal tissue samples were evaluated by light microscopy and immunocytochemical examination. R Re e s su ul lt ts s: : The longest onset of action was observed in the K group. Among the ropivacaine groups, the onset of action diminished and the duration of action extended with an increase in dose significantly. There was axonal degeneration in the R1 group, but this finding not reach significance. In the ketamine group, significant neuronal degeneration and reduction in number of neurons in the brain sections were observed . In the 1% ropivacaine group, a relative increase in neurofilament intensity was detected using immunocytochemical assessments in the medulla spinalis and brain sections. C Co on nc c l lu u s si i o on n: : The intrathecal applications of 1% ropivacaine and ketamine can induce neurotoxic damage, despite a lack of observed functional neurologic deficits.K Ke ey y W Wo or rd ds s: : Ro pi va ca i ne; ke ta mi ne; in jec ti ons, spi nal Ö ÖZ ZE ET T A Am ma aç ç: : İntratekal olarak uygulanan anestezik ilaçların çeşitliliğine karşın, bu ilaçların deneysel nörotoksik çalışmaları yeterli değildir. Çalışmamızda, intratekal olarak verilen ketamin ve farklı dozlardaki ropivakainin nörotoksik potansiyelini immunohistokimyasal olarak değerlendir-meyi amaçladık. G Ge e r re eç ç v ve e Y Yö ön n t te em m l le er r: : Anestetize edilerek spinal kateter yerleştirilmiş 30 tavşan 5 gruba ayrıldı. Grup R0.2'de ropivakain %0,2, grup R0.75'de ropivakain %0,75, grup R1'de ropivakain %1,0, grup K'de preservative-free S (+) ketamin ve grup C'de %0,9 NaCl 0,3 ml volümde spinal kateterden uygulandı. Etki başlangıç zamanı ve etki süreleri Motor Dysfunction Index (MDI) kullanılarak kaydedildi. Tavşanlar 5 gün gözlendikten sonra ötenazi uygulandı. Kateterler çıkar-ılarak beyin ve spinal doku örnekleri ışık mikroskopisi ve immunohistokimyasal metodla değer-lendirildi. B Bu ul l g gu u l la ar r: : En uzun etki başlangıcı grup K'de gözlemlendi. Ropivakain grupları içinde doz artışı ile birlikte etki başlangıç süreleri kısalarak, etki süreleri uzamış olarak t...

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Some Pharmacologic Similarities of Ketamine, Lidocaine, and Procaine

Cited by 62 publications

References 0 publications

Effects of Adjuvant in Potentiating the Analgesic Effect of Fascia Iliaca Compartment Block

Effects of Adjuvant in Potentiating the Analgesic Effect of Fascia Iliaca Compartment Block

Epidural administration of ketamine or fentanyl with bupivacaine for postoperative analgesia A comparative study

Neurotoxic Effects of Ketamine and Different Doses of Ropivacaine Administered Intrathecally in Rabbits

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Some Pharmacologic Similarities of Ketamine, Lidocaine, and Procaine

Cited by 62 publications

References 0 publications

Effects of Adjuvant in Potentiating the Analgesic Effect of Fascia Iliaca Compartment Block

Effects of Adjuvant in Potentiating the Analgesic Effect of Fascia Iliaca Compartment Block

Epidural administration of ketamine or fentanyl with bupivacaine for postoperative analgesia  A comparative study

Neurotoxic Effects of Ketamine and Different Doses of Ropivacaine Administered Intrathecally in Rabbits

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Epidural administration of ketamine or fentanyl with bupivacaine for postoperative analgesia A comparative study