Some preliminary experiments on the treatment of phenolic trade effluents by continuous culture

Ware, G. C.; Evans, Garry

doi:10.1007/bf02929720

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…In this connexion, Ware & Evans (1959) were able to cultivate continuously bacteria in phenolic media at dilution rates as high as 0-55 hr-1 and with a concentration of 3750 mg. phenol/l. (40 ,umoles/ml.)…”

Section: Highest Output: Input Ratio (That Is the Apparent Yield Valumentioning

confidence: 95%

Continuous Culture of Yeast on Phenol

Wase¹,

Hough²

1966

Journal of General Microbiology

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SUMMARYDebaryomyces subgbbosw ( NCYC 459) was grown in continuous culture a t 30" in media containing 3,6.65,9 and 12 pmoles phenol/ml. as sole source of carbon. With each medium, wash-out of organisms occurred at dilution rates in the range 0-33-0.36 hr-l. The yeasts became quickly adapted to the medium with lowest phenol content and grew readily at dilution rates between 0.1 and 0-3 hr-l. At lower dilution rates, however, the endogenous metabolism of the yeasts tended to outstrip the rate at which phenol was supplied. With 9 pmoles phenol/ml. the best rate of output of yeast was achieved but at 6-65 pmoles phenol/ml., was most fully utilized, utilization being complete up to a dilution rate of 0.3 hr-1. At the highest contents of phenol in the medium, the yeast adapted less readily and produced considerable amounts of riboflavin. The population became heterogeneous, with some yeasts clumping and others large and fragile. There was some evidence that the latter were unable to metabolize phenol but could utilize catechol, a product of metabolism of the normal organisms.The appendix provides a comparison between the reported results and those calculated from the growth constants using classical mathematical treatment of continuous culture. Substantial deviations are attributed to high maintenance energy requirements, flocculation of the yeast and toxicity of the medium.

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Section: Highest Output: Input Ratio (That Is the Apparent Yield Valumentioning

confidence: 95%

Continuous Culture of Yeast on Phenol

Wase¹,

Hough²

1966

Journal of General Microbiology

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“…Ware and Evans (69) and Evans and Kite (14) gave perhaps the first reports of continuous culture applied to detoxifying aqueous wastes (i.e., phenols). Chemostats have been used to investigate the microbial utilization of phenol (26,31,70,73), p-hydroxybenzoate (29), and 2,4dichlorophenol (68), three possible products of pesticide breakdown.…”

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Parathion utilization by bacterial symbionts in a chemostat

Daughton¹,

Hsieh²

1977

Appl Environ Microbiol

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A continuous-culture device was used to select and enrich for microorganisms, from sewage and agricultural runoff, that were capable of using the organophosphorus insecticide parathion as a sole growth substrate. Parathion was dissimilated by the highly acclimated symbiotic activities of Pseudomonas stutzeri, which non-oxidatively and cometabolically hydrolyzed the parathion to ionic diethyl thiophosphate and p-nitrophenol, and P. aeruginosa, which utilized the p-nitrophenol as a sole carbon and energy source. Ionic diethyl thiophosphate was found to be inert to any transformations. Methyl parathion was dissimilated in an analogous way. The device functioned as a chemostat with parathion as the growth-limiting nutrient, and extraordinarily high dissimilation rates were attained for parathion (8 g/liter per day) and for p-nitrophenol (7 g/liter per day). This is the first report of parathion utilization by a defined microbial culture and by symbiotic microbial attack and of dissimilation of an organophosphorus pesticide in a chemostat. Continuous-cultivation techniques have rarely been used for studying the interactions of microorganisms and xenobiotics, e.g., microbial degradation of pesticides and toxic wastes.

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The microbial oxidation of mixtures of methanol, phenol, acetone and isopropanol with reference to effluent purification

Wilkinson

Hamer

1979

J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol.

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The microbial growth of a mixed culture on a simulated effluent containing methanol, phenol, acetone and isopropanol was shown to be less complex than might have been expected, with the system behaving as if it consisted of three superimposed noninteracting systems responsible for oxidation of the methanol, phenol and acetone. It was also shown that the isopropanol was cometabolised by the acetone‐utilising culture. Steady‐state data were used to predict both the minimum residence time in the reactor needed to remove the various organic components from the effluent and to predict the likely residual level of substrate in the effluent. The transient response to step changes in the operating conditions was also investigated and it was shown that the culture could respond instantaneously to defined changes with no increase in the organic concentration in the treated waste. It was shown that the culture has a higher respiratory activity compared to steady‐state respiration which gives the organism the ability to adjust quickly to changes in conditions in the reactor. These studies demonstrate that it is essential to understand biological parameters of waste water treatment processes—particularly for new treatment applications.

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Some preliminary experiments on the treatment of phenolic trade effluents by continuous culture

Cited by 6 publications

References 3 publications

Continuous Culture of Yeast on Phenol

Continuous Culture of Yeast on Phenol

Parathion utilization by bacterial symbionts in a chemostat

The microbial oxidation of mixtures of methanol, phenol, acetone and isopropanol with reference to effluent purification

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