Some properties of thermal muds of some spas in Turkey

Karakaya, Muazzez Çelik; Karakaya, Necati; Sarıoğlan, Şerife; Koral, Murat

doi:10.1016/j.clay.2010.02.005

Cited by 65 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Številne nedavne raziskave peloidov so pokazale, da so eni izmed glavnih dejavnikov, ki pogojujejo uporabo oziroma neuporabo peloida v balneo-oziroma pelo-terapevtske namene, zrnavost, mineralo{ka sestava, kationska izmenjevalna kapaciteta (KIK) in elementna sestava izvornega »geolo{kega materiala« (summa & tateo, 1998;mascolo et al, 1999;Veniale et al, 2004;KaraKaya et al, 2010;KalKan et al, 2012). Poleg že na{tetih dejavnikov je eden izmed klju~nih kazalnikov kakovosti mikrobiolo{ka sestava izvornega »geolo{kega materiala«, kakor tudi »zrelega« peloida oziroma peloida, namenjenega direktni uporabi.…”

Section: Uvodunclassified

Makirina bay peloid (N Dalmatia, Republic of Croatia) – its potential use in balneotherapy

Komar¹,

Dolenec²,

Vrhovnik³

et al. 2014

Geologija

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Klju~ne besede: peloid, zaliv Makirina, potencialno toksi~ni elementi (PTE), bento{ka alga Codium bursa, faktor prenosa (TF) Key words: peloid, Makirina bay, potentially toxic elements (PTE), benthic algae Codium bursa, transfer factor (TF) Izvle~ekRecentne morske sedimente iz zaliva Makirina lahko glede na njihove organolepti~ne lastnosti obravnavamo kot zdravilno blato ali peloid, ki ga nekateri doma~ini in turisti že uporabljajo v obliki blatnih oblog. Uporaba peloidov v balneoterapiji je namenjena predvsem zdravljenju mi{i~nih, kostnih in kožnih obolenj ter spro{~anju in velnesu. Številne nedavne raziskave peloidov so pokazale, da so eni izmed glavnih dejavnikov, ki pogojujejo (ne)uporabo peloida v balneoterapevtske namene, zrnavost, mineralo{ka sestava, kationska izmenjevalna kapaciteta (KIK), elementna in mikrobiolo{ka sestava izvornega »geolo{kega materiala«. Iz rezultatov predhodnih raziskav je razvidno, da peloid iz zaliva Makirina gradi zelo slabo sortiran pe{~en mulj z visoko kationsko izmenjevalno kapaciteto (63,82 meq/100g). V mineralni sestavi peloida prevladujeta dolomit in kremen, sledijo ilit/muskovit, aragonit, kalcit, halit in pirit. Povpre~ne koncentracije potencialno toksi~nih elementov (PTE) v peloidu iz zaliva Makirina, dolo~enih v tokratni raziskavi zna{ajo: As (17,6 mg/kg), Cr (92,09 mg/kg), Cu (44,5 mg/kg), Mo (31,8 mg/kg), Pb (28,9 mg/kg) in Zn (69,2 mg/kg) in so primerljive z rezultati preteklih {tudij. Koncentracije PTE v bento{ki algi Codium bursi (C. bursa) so slede~e: As (8,8 mg/kg), Cr (15,7 mg/kg), Cu (5,6 mg/kg), Mo (0,7 mg/kg), Pb (3,6 mg/kg) in Zn (16,3 mg/kg). Izra~unani faktorji prenosa (TF) za PTE iz povr{inskega peloida (0-5 cm) v bento{ko algo C. burso so manj{i od 1, kar pomeni, da se PTE iz peloida ne prena{ajo oziroma se v C. bursi ne akumulirajo. Rezultati prisotnosti koliformnih bakterij in E. coli se ujemajo s preteklimi rezultati, ki so pokazali, da jih v peloidu ni, kar nakazuje, da peloid ni fekalno kontaminiran. Peloid iz zaliva Makirina ima (z izjemo povi{anih koncentracij Cr in Mo) primerljive lastnosti s peloidi, ki se trenutno že uspe{no uporabljajo v razli~nih spa-centrih po svetu, vendar je treba pred potencialno uporabo opraviti dodatne raziskave, kot je na primer dolo~itev mobilnosti Cr in Mo. AbstractRecent marine sediments from Makirina bay are according to their organoleptic properties, treated as peloid or healing mud, already frequently used by local people and tourists as pomades. The application of peloids in balneotherapy is mainly intended for therapeutic treatment generally related to muscle-bone skin pathologies and purposes of wellness and relaxation. Recent studies point out that one of the main factors determining the final characteristics of peloids are grain size distribution, mineralogy, cation exchange capacity (CEC), elemental and microbiological composition of initial »geological material«. As reported by previous studies Makirina Bay peloid is represented mostly by sandy silt with relatively high CEC value (63.82 meq/100g). Peloid m...

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Section: Uvodunclassified

Makirina bay peloid (N Dalmatia, Republic of Croatia) – its potential use in balneotherapy

Komar¹,

Dolenec²,

Vrhovnik³

et al. 2014

Geologija

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“…High moisture capacity is an important characteristic of medicinal muds. High values of CEC permit the mud to trap a higher amount of these elements, e.g., Ca, Mg, and Sr (Karakaya et al, 2010). Compared with other clay minerals commonly used for therapeutic or cosmetic purposes, the investigated samples have higher CEC than kaolinite (5-15 meq/100 g) and a value similar to illite and sepiolite (10-40 and 10-45 meq/100 g, respectively), but lower than that of montmorillonite (80-120 meq/100 g) (Christidis, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Peloids (thermal mud) have been used in many Turkish thermal resorts for healing, therapy, and cosmetic uses, from ancient times to the present day (Karakaya et al, 2010(Karakaya et al, , 2016a(Karakaya et al, , 2016b. Peloid materials with different mineralogical, chemical, and physicochemical properties show different therapeutic and cosmetic effects, and their effects also depend on which materials are used.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are few detailed studies on the suitability of peloids in Turkey. For the first time, Karakaya et al (2010) studied solely the mineralogical and chemical properties of nine spa peloids. In this study, the rheological and physicochemical properties of peloids are investigated and compared with those of pure clay minerals such as smectite, illite, kaolinite, and sepiolite to make recommendations for the preparation of suitable peloids.…”

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confidence: 99%

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The physical and physicochemical properties of some Turkish thermal muds and pure clay minerals and their uses in therapy

Karakaya¹,

Karakaya²,

Aydin³

2017

Turkish J Earth Sci

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The physical and physicochemical properties of thermal muds (peloids) from 20 spas in Turkey were defined and compared with those of naturally pure clay minerals, smectite, illite, sepiolite, and kaolinite, to define the suitability of their use in pastes, masks, creams, and/or mud baths. The liquid and plastic limit values of the peloids show medium to high plasticity. The values of the pure clay minerals vary from 110 to 369 and 60 to 130, respectively, being higher than those of the peloid samples except for illite and kaolinite. The peloid samples show very soft, soft, semihard, hard, and fluid properties according to the consistency index. The CEC values of the peloids vary from 10.11 to 36.01 meq/100 g. The abrasivity of the peloids and clay minerals ranges from 0.58 to 3.12 mg/m 2 and 0.05 to 0.37 mg/m 2 , respectively. The viscosity values of the peloid samples are variable and the thixotropic values are considerably higher in some peloid samples. In the pure clay minerals, sepiolite shows high values. The oil absorption capacity of sepiolite is higher than that of the other clay minerals. The peloids with high CEC, swelling, and absorption capacity may be suitable for the removal of oils, toxins, and contaminants from the skin.

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“…Special attention should be given to potentially toxic elements (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, Zn, …). The abundance of potentially toxic elements (PTE) in peloids must be very carefully controled because of their potential hazardous effects on health (Summa et al, 1998, Mascolo et al, 1999, Vreča et al, 2000, Mascolo et al, 2004, Veniale et al 2004, Vreča and Dolenec, 2005, Tateo and Summa, 2007, Gomes and Silva, 2007, Veniale et al, 2007, Miko et al, 2007, Miko et al, 2008, Tateo et al, 2009, Karakaya et al, 2010, Carretero et al, 2010, Mihelčić et al, 2011, Rebelo et al, 2011.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potentially toxic elements content in the surficial marine sediment (peloid) from Makirina bay (central Adriatic)

Komar

Belak

Dolenec

et al. 2013

E3S Web of Conferences

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Abstract. The aim of the present study was to determine the concentrations of several potentially toxic elements (PTE) in the recent marine sediment of Makirina bay (central Adriatic), which could according to its organoleptic properties be used as a virgin material for medical treatment, wellness and relax purposes. Sediment samples were collected in June and July 2010 from six different sites in the central part of the bay. The range of measured elemental concentrations in analysed surficial sediment were: As (11-15,8 ppm), Cr (61,6 -109,5 ppm), Cu (19,4-54,2 ppm), Pb (16,6 ppm) and Zn (37-52 ppm). Sediment PTE pollution assessment was performed using contamination factor (CF), contamination degree (C deg ) and pollution load index (PLI). The calculated environmental index values show a low to moderate contamination status of sediment. Future geochemical investigation on these sediments are necessary prior actual use in various therapeutic treatment.

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Some properties of thermal muds of some spas in Turkey

Cited by 65 publications

References 23 publications

Makirina bay peloid (N Dalmatia, Republic of Croatia) – its potential use in balneotherapy

Makirina bay peloid (N Dalmatia, Republic of Croatia) – its potential use in balneotherapy

The physical and physicochemical properties of some Turkish thermal muds and pure clay minerals and their uses in therapy

Potentially toxic elements content in the surficial marine sediment (peloid) from Makirina bay (central Adriatic)

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