Some species differences in fibrinolysis and blood coagulation

Mason, R. G.; Read, Marjorie S.

doi:10.1002/jbm.820050109

Cited by 65 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Moreover, neointimal induction in dog coronary arteries is more modest than in pigs [18], with relatively increased constrictive remodeling [19]. Although dogs continue to be used in stent evaluation [5], they are generally not thought of as an optimal model of restenosis [15,16]. Nonhuman primates closely resemble humans in their cardiac structure and in their tendency to develop atherosclerosis, although significant interspecies heterogenicity exists.…”

Section: Comparison With Other Animal Modelsmentioning

confidence: 97%

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The porcine coronary model of in‐stent restenosis: Current status in the era of drug‐eluting stents

Lowe

Schwartz

Neill

et al. 2003

Cathet Cardio Intervent

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Drug-eluting stents are revolutionizing interventional cardiology. Sirolimus-eluting stents are in widespread clinical use, associated with well-documented remarkably low restenosis rates, and a number of other agents appear promising in clinical trials. These human studies have been preceded by numerous animal studies, foremost among them the pig coronary model of in-stent restenosis (ISR). The histologic response to porcine coronary stenting was described over a decade ago. Porcine stenting studies now provide examinations not only of histology, but also mechanisms of action, toxicity, and biocompatibility. This review therefore examines the current status of this porcine coronary model of ISR. Contemporary methods of pig coronary stenting are discussed. The morphometric, cellular, and molecular analyses of the responses to stent injury are then described. Finally, recent pig coronary drug-eluting stent studies are examined, with a discussion of their advantages, limitations, and possible future modifications.

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Section: Comparison With Other Animal Modelsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…1). The basic cardiac hemodynamic parameters and platelet characteristics are also comparable, though there are important differences between the porcine and human coagulation and fibrinolytic systems [12][13][14][15][16] …”

Section: General Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The porcine coronary model of in‐stent restenosis: Current status in the era of drug‐eluting stents

Lowe

Schwartz

Neill

et al. 2003

Cathet Cardio Intervent

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“…However, dogs have high fibrinolytic activity (Mason and Read, 1971), markedly different from the human coagulation system (Kirschstein et al, 1989). In addition, the canine vessel wall produces only a thin neointima when compared with other animal models (Figure 2).…”

Section: The Dog: Minimal Response To Injurymentioning

confidence: 98%

Preclinical Restenosis Models: Challenges and Successes

Touchard

Schwartz

2006

Toxicol Pathol

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Coronary artery disease remains a major problem for Western societies. The advent of percutaneous interventions, including stents has brought clinical care to a new level of efficacy, yet problems remain. Restenosis following stenting in human coronary arteries appears at last to be yielding to therapeutic strategies, especially drug eluting stents. Because therapeutic percutaneous coronary intervention is widely dominated by the intracoronary stent, restenosis therapies must include the stented coronary artery. Animal models and in particular the porcine coronary model seem to represent the human coronary artery reaction to stenting. It mimics several clinical conditions including thrombosis and neointimal formation. A key question in the era of intravascular technologies is how well this and other models can predict clinical events. This paper discusses the models and their application.Keywords. Neointima; restenosis; stent; vascular injury INTRODUCTION Research in human coronary atherosclerosis is limited by an inability to control experiments and by the slow temporal lesion development. Fortunately, animal arterial injury models appear to yield comparable results to clinical trials, and can teach about the arterial response to injury. These models have become indispensable for understanding the interaction of the coronary artery with medical devices, and toward understanding neointimal genesis. They can likely function to test safety and efficacy of new devices. In these models the pathophysiologic aspects of disease can be simulated, variables can be controlled, and statistical data accrued in short time periods.Many animal models have been used for restenosis studies. This variety comes because an ideal animal model does not exist. Each animal model has advantages and disadvantages. This chapter discusses the principal animal models described for restenosis studies, their characteristics, advantages and disadvantages compared with humans, and the considerations necessary for proximity to and ideal animal model and study design.

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“…6 -10 The findings of the current study in the swine are particularly encouraging given that the human coagulation cascade is less potent. 24,25 Device-induced embolization was not demonstrated in our swine kidney model after 1 month; however, the possibility of distal microemboli requires further investigation in larger data sets with longer follow-up. Finally, the arteries in the swine model are nonatherosclerotic vessels, and our results cannot be generalized to implantation in an artery with severe atherosclerotic disease.…”

Section: Animal Model: Pros and Consmentioning

confidence: 77%

A Novel Endovascular Device for Emboli Rerouting

Grad

Sievert²,

Nishri³

et al. 2008

Stroke

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Background and Purpose-The feasibility and safety of a novel endovascularly delivered tubular mesh designed to reroute emboli away from a critical artery as a means of ischemic stroke prevention was tested in vitro and in vivo. Methods-Emboli rerouting efficacy was assessed in vitro. Perfusion through the external femoral artery that was jailed by the device, cellular proliferation rate over the jailing mesh, and the resulting tissue coverage of the orifice were assessed in the swine iliofemoral bifurcation. Device-induced embolization was assessed in a swine kidney model. Results-In vitro experiments demonstrated that particles as small as 60% of the pore dimension can be rerouted by the device, although at low efficacy, and rerouting efficacy approached 100% as the particle size approached the pore dimension. Repeat assessment of flow preimplantation and at various follow-up times by Doppler ultrasound showed no significant changes in the perfusion ratio of the jailed branch to the parent artery or the jailed branch to the naive contralateral artery either as a result of device implantation or at the follow-up times. Tissue coverage over the jailed ostium was limited to approximately 12% after stabilization. Cellular proliferation rate gradually decreased to diminishing level approximately 22 weeks postimplantation. The devices implanted across the renal arteries did not demonstrate any device-induced embolization after 1 month. Conclusions-It is proposed that this device could be used to reroute emboli away from important intracranial vessels as a means of stroke prevention.

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Some species differences in fibrinolysis and blood coagulation

Cited by 65 publications

References 9 publications

The porcine coronary model of in‐stent restenosis: Current status in the era of drug‐eluting stents

The porcine coronary model of in‐stent restenosis: Current status in the era of drug‐eluting stents

Preclinical Restenosis Models: Challenges and Successes

A Novel Endovascular Device for Emboli Rerouting

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