Some Studies on Waste Animal Tallow Biodiesel Produced by Modified Transesterification Method Using Heterogeneous Catalyst

Hariprasath, P.; Vijayakumar, V.; Selvamani, S.T.; Vigneshwar, M.; Palanikumar, K.

doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2019.05.224

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Fatty acids that separate from glycerol during hydrolysis are known as free fatty acids. Any fat with less than 15% FFA is referred to as yellow grease because of its yellowish hue [17]. Brown grease has a brownish black color and is composed of highly oxidized fats with FFA levels above 15%.…”

Section: Biodiesel Production From Waste Animal Fatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodiesel Production from Waste Animal Fat by Transesterification Using H2SO4 and KOH Catalysts: A Study of Physiochemical Properties

Hasan

Myneni

2022

International Journal of Chemical Engineering

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Biodiesel is marketed as a long-term renewable fuel that may partially replace fossil fuels in transportation while also helping to reduce global warming. The current study is focused on using waste animal fat as a feedstock for biodiesel production. Sulfuric acid (H2SO4) and potassium hydroxide (KOH) are used as catalysts, with methanol as an alcohol. Temperature at 60°C, reaction time 2 hrs for acid catalyst, and 55°C, reaction time 90 min for base catalyst with a methanol to oil ratio of 5 : 1 are the experimental and optimized process conditions. With the H2SO4 catalyst, the biodiesel yield was 65.7%, while with the KOH catalyst, it was 48.8%. The ASTM standards are used to compare and study the physicochemical characteristics. This study offers an environmentally friendly solution to a global problem of atmospheric pollution, and at the same time, it shows a commercial alternative to reduce the ecological impact caused by waste animal fat.

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Section: Biodiesel Production From Waste Animal Fatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodiesel Production from Waste Animal Fat by Transesterification Using H2SO4 and KOH Catalysts: A Study of Physiochemical Properties

Hasan

Myneni

2022

International Journal of Chemical Engineering

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“…Biodiesel can be produced from crop oils [51][52][53], waste cooking oils [54][55][56][57][58][59], animal fat [60][61][62][63][64][65][66], and microalgae oils. Hence, earlier studies have focused on determining the chemical composition of several lipids in these raw materials [67].…”

Section: Factors Affecting Enzymatic Biodiesel Production Lipid Sourcementioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Enzyme and Ionic Liquid Immobilization for Enhanced in MOFs for Biodiesel Production

et al. 2021

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Biodiesel is a promising candidate for sustainable and renewable energy and extensive research is being conducted worldwide to optimize its production process. The employed catalyst is an important parameter in biodiesel production. Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), which are a set of highly porous materials comprising coordinated bonds between metals and organic ligands, have recently been proposed as catalysts. MOFs exhibit high tunability, possess high crystallinity and surface area, and their order can vary from the atomic to the microscale level. However, their catalytic sites are confined inside their porous structure, limiting their accessibility for biodiesel production. Modification of MOF structure by immobilizing enzymes or ionic liquids (ILs) could be a solution to this challenge and can lead to better performance and provide catalytic systems with higher activities. This review compiles the recent advances in catalytic transesterification for biodiesel production using enzymes or ILs. The available literature clearly indicates that MOFs are the most suitable immobilization supports, leading to higher biodiesel production without affecting the catalytic activity while increasing the catalyst stability and reusability in several cycles.

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“…In the industrial world, the catalysts used must be pure, stable to heat, have a long lifetime, can be regenerated, are resistant to poisoning, are simple in the way they are made, and are easy to obtain and inexpensive. Very recently, several investigations were devoted to developing numerous heterogeneous catalysts for the transesterification reaction of oils for biodiesel production [20][21][22]. Among these heterogeneous catalysts, metal oxides were reported to exhibit interesting catalytic performances [23][24][25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Synthesis Method on the Catalytic Performance of Ca-Mg-Al Mixed Metal Oxide Nanocatalyst for Biodiesel Production from Waste Cooking Oil

Anbia

Sedaghat

et al. 2021

Advanced Energy Conversion Materials

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The synthesized nanomaterials by two different methods were used as a catalyst in the transesterification of waste cooking oil to produce biodiesel. For both environmental and economic reasons, it is beneficial to produce biodiesel from waste cooking oils. It is desirable to help solve waste oil disposal by utilizing its oils as an inexpensive starting material in biodiesel synthesis. The structure, morphology, and surface properties of resulting nanocatalysts were characterized by X-ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy (XRF), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX) and N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms. The synthesized nanocatalysts' efficiency in the production of biodiesel was studied by Gas Chromatography (GC) as well as leaching amounts of surface active components of each catalyst investigated by the EDX technique. The reactions were performed at 65°C using a 9:1 methanol to oil ratio for 3 h. The results indicate that the impregnated mixed metal oxide catalyst ( Ca-MgAl) shows a higher surface area and better mechanical strength than the totally co-precipitated mixed metal oxide catalyst (CaMgAl(O)). Although both of the fully co-precipitated and impregnated catalysts represented about 90% of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) yield the leaching of active calcium component was significantly reduced from 45.8% in precipitated CaMgAl(O) to 8% for the impregnated Ca-MgAl catalyst. This improved structure represents the advantage of the impregnation technique to co-precipitation procedure for fabrication of robust nanostructures.

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Some Studies on Waste Animal Tallow Biodiesel Produced by Modified Transesterification Method Using Heterogeneous Catalyst

Cited by 7 publications

References 18 publications

Biodiesel Production from Waste Animal Fat by Transesterification Using H2SO4 and KOH Catalysts: A Study of Physiochemical Properties

Biodiesel Production from Waste Animal Fat by Transesterification Using H2SO4 and KOH Catalysts: A Study of Physiochemical Properties

Advances in Enzyme and Ionic Liquid Immobilization for Enhanced in MOFs for Biodiesel Production

Effect of Synthesis Method on the Catalytic Performance of Ca-Mg-Al Mixed Metal Oxide Nanocatalyst for Biodiesel Production from Waste Cooking Oil

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