Some unusual high dispersion whistler triplets recorded at a low L-value (L=1.17)

Abstract

A detailed analysis of the VLF data collected during January to December, 2003 at the low latitude station Jammu (geomag. lat., 22 0 26 / N; L = 1.17) has yielded some unusual VLF events like whistler triplets of very high dispersion D ~ 70 -90 sec 1/2 . From the dispersion analysis of the whistler triplets, it is found that the individual whistlers of the triplets are one-hop high dispersion ducted whistlers having propagation path along higher and closely spaced L-values (L~4.0) than the L-value of the recording station. The dispersion and occurrence characteristics of these high dispersion whistlers of the triplets are compared with those of the majority of low dispersion whistlers (D ~ 30 -40 sec 1/2 ) recorded during the same period. Generation and propagation mechanisms are briefly discussed.

Improvement of electrical characteristics in the solution‐processed nanocrystalline indium oxide thin‐film transistors depending on yttrium doping concentration

“…Figure 6b plots the relationship of (ahn) 2 [36] is larger than that of In 2 O 3 (a direct bandgap of about 3.6 eV and an indirect bandgap of about 2.5 eV). Similar phenomena can also be observed in other systems such as LaIZO [37], ZrZTO [38], and ScIZO [39].…”