Somebody Is Peeking!

Abstract

As smartphones and tablets are now widespread, accessing or even sharing sensitive content in public areas has become commonplace. This applies to both personal contexts (e.g. checking banking information in a coffee shop) and professional contexts (e.g. sharing patient information in a hospital ward). It is important to explore ways to support visual privacy that are appropriate for mobile device use in public settings and in dynamic workflows. In this paper we present the design, prototype implementation, and ongoing evaluation of a range of privacy notifications and privacy control mechanisms for tablets. Preliminary results show that: 1) spatial information such as distance and orientation can be used to mediate privacy management for tablet interfaces. 2) Privacy notifications and control mechanisms should be designed to complement our existing physical awareness and protection mechanisms. 3) Selecting a specific design is highly context-dependent.

The Role of Eye Gaze in Security and Privacy Applications: Survey and Future HCI Research Directions

“…Zhou et al [176,177] proposed multiple interfaces that raise the user's awareness of shoulder surfers through visual and auditory notifications. Similarly, Saad et al [137] proposed different methods to communicate the presence of shoulder surfers to users by using face recognition.…”

“…Other works studied best practices to inform the user of the presence of shoulder surfers [137,176,177]. None of those works studied how to detect the presence of shoulder surfers.…”

Comparing Dwell time, Pursuits and Gaze Gestures for Gaze Interaction on Handheld Mobile Devices

“…In their review of gaze-enabled handheld mobile devices, Khamis et al [43] argued that this brings a myriad of opportunities, such as gaze-based interaction on the move and inthe-wild analysis of gaze behaviour on mobile devices. Applications of this include improving interaction on mobile devices [16,20,21], security applications [42] including authentication [48] and privacy protection [9,72,83], as well as in-the-wild gaze behaviour analysis [5,6,80]. On the downside, eye tracking on mobile devices comes with a unique set of challenges.…”

The past, present, and future of gaze-enabled handheld mobile devices

“…These concepts can now be adapted or even extended to fit the mobile context. For example, some works proposed protecting private content on large public displays by estimating gaze direction of bystanders to alert the user of potential shoulder surfers [1,14,123]. Now these approaches can be deployed on unmodified mobile devices, and evaluated in public settings where shoulder surfing actually occurs the most (e.g., in public transport [31]).…”