Sonar target detection as a decision process.

Wp, Colquhoun

doi:10.1037/h0024343

Cited by 25 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 2 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Second, such an interpretation also seems more in line with Banaji and Greenwald's presupposition that the gender stereotype effect reflects implicit and unconscious uses of memory. Calling gender-specific criterion shifts unconscious seems less intuitively plausible given the ease with which response biases can be manipulated by means of verbal instructions (e.g., Broadbent, 1971; Buchner, Erdfelder, & Vaterrodt-Plünnecke, 1995; Colquhoun, 1967).…”

Section: Gender Bias In Fame Judgmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender stereotyping and decision processes: Extending and reversing the gender bias in fame judgments.

Buchner

Steffens²,

Berry³

2000

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cogni

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

M. R. Banaji and A. G. Greenwald (1995) demonstrated a gender bias in fame judgments--that is, an increase in judged fame due to prior processing that was larger for male than for female names. They suggested that participants shift criteria between judging men and women, using the more liberal criterion for judging men. This "criterion-shift" account appeared problematic for a number of reasons. In this article, 3 experiments are reported that were designed to evaluate the criterion-shift account of the gender bias in the false-fame effect against a distribution-shift account. The results were consistent with the criterion-shift account, and they helped to define more precisely the situations in which people may be ready to shift their response criterion on an item-by-item basis. In addition, the results were incompatible with an interpretation of the criterion shift as an artifact of the experimental situation in the experiments reported by M. R. Banaji and A. G. Greenwald.

show abstract

Section: Gender Bias In Fame Judgmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender stereotyping and decision processes: Extending and reversing the gender bias in fame judgments.

Buchner

Steffens²,

Berry³

2000

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cogni

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…They repeated the experiment with auditory instead of visual signals and found consistent results [Colquhoun & Baddeley (15) ]. Colquhoun (13), in a test simUlating auditory sonar detection, found that he could readily manipulate the decision crite rion by simple instructions; he attributed a small decrement over time in the hit proportion to a shift in the criterion. In this experi ment, as in the previous visual experiment, the signal was a slightly larger disc in a row of six discs.…”

Section: Vigilancementioning

confidence: 99%

Attention

Swets¹,

Kristofferson²

1970

Annu. Rev. Psychol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The doctrine of attention is the nerve of the whole psychological sys tem, and that as men judge of it, so shall they be judged before the general tribunal of psychology." That was Titchener (95) speaking, and leaving lit tle doubt about the centrality of the concept of attention at the time that psychology was formed. Titchener spoke as a Structuralist. Though the Functionalists had a different view of the nature of attention, they agreed on the concept's importance. After the turn of the century, however, atten tion was almost totally ignored in psychology; it had little or no place in the behavioristic, gestalt, or psychoanalytic positions. Only in the 1950's was in terest in the concept renewed. Work since has progressed enough to justify this first chapter on attention in the Annual Review of Psychology.In stating the view of the Functionalists, William James could write that "Every one knows what attention is" (39) , but it does not appear that sim ple to present-day reviewers. Moray (67) has listed six familiar categories of attention-mental concentration, vigilance, selective attention, search, ac tivation, and set-and has suggested that Neisser's (72) recent treatment of analysis-by-synthesis may be a seventh. We focus here on two of these cate gories-as it happens, two that exhibit continuity with the earliest theoreti cal positions. The first is "selective attention," which is what the Functional ists thought attention was all about. The emphasis is on the process of the organism's choosing to notice a particular part of his environment. The sec ond is "vigilance," or "sustained attention." The historical connection here is less direct, but the emphasis is on the result of the attentive process, or the "sensory clearness," that was stressed by the Structuralists.Recent interest in these two aspects of attention was largely stimulated by work done in England, primarily at the Applied Psychology Research Unit in Cambridge. Broadbent's (2) and Cherry's (11) experiments in spired many others on selective attention to speech stimuli. Our review of this work takes its starting point in 1958 after the publication of Broad-

show abstract

“…However, when signal/noise discriminations are especially difficult, it can appear as rapidly as in the first five min (Helton, Dember, Warm, & Matthews, 2000;Helton et al, 2007;Jerison, 1963;Neuchterlein, Parasuraman, & Jiang, 1983;Rose, Murphy, Byard, & Nikzand, 2002;Temple et al, 2000). The vigilance decrement has been found with both naïve and experienced observers and counter to Mackie's (1994) affirmation that it is an artificial laboratory phenomenon, the decrement occurs in operational settings as well (Baker, 1962;Colquhoun, 1967Colquhoun, , 1977Pigeau, Angus, O'Neill, & Mack, 1995;Schmidke, 1976).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison of Cerebral Hemovelocity and Blood Oxygen Saturation Levels during Vigilance Performance

Funke

Warm

Matthews

et al. 2010

Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study compared measures of cerebral blood flow velocity (CBFV) and blood oxygen saturation (rSO 2), during the performance of a 40-min vigilance task. Observers monitored a simulated air-traffic control display for flight path deviations which occurred in a unidirectional or a multidirectional context. CBFV and rSO 2 measures were secured from the medial cerebral arteries in the left and right cerebral hemispheres and from the corresponding frontal lobes, respectively. Performance efficiency was greater in the unidirectional than the multidirectional condition and declined over time in both conditions, more so in the multidirectional condition. This pattern of results was paralleled in different ways by the two hemodynamic measures. A result of this sort challenges the assumption of a close tie between cerebral blood flow and oxygen saturation (Siesjo, 1978) and supports recent findings (Mintun et al., 2001) that cerebral blood flow and oxygen levels are not tightly coupled in active brain states.

show abstract

Sonar target detection as a decision process.

Cited by 25 publications

References 2 publications

Gender stereotyping and decision processes: Extending and reversing the gender bias in fame judgments.

Gender stereotyping and decision processes: Extending and reversing the gender bias in fame judgments.

Attention

A Comparison of Cerebral Hemovelocity and Blood Oxygen Saturation Levels during Vigilance Performance

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About