Sono assisted electrocoagulation process for the removal of pollutant from pulp and paper industry effluent

Abstract

In the present work, the efficiency of the sonication, electrocoagulation, and sono-electrocoagulation process for removal of pollutants from the industrial effluent of the pulp and paper industry was compared. The experimental results showed that the sono-electrocoagulation process yielded higher pollutant removal percentage compared to the sonication and electrocoagulation process alone. The effect of the operating parameters in the sono-electrocoagulation process such as electrolyte concentration (1-5 g/L), current density (1-5 A/dm), effluent pH (3-11), COD concentration (1500-6000 mg/L), inter-electrode distance (1-3 cm), and electrode combination (Fe and Al) on the color removal, COD removal, and power consumption were studied. The maximum color and COD removal percentages of 100 and 95 %, respectively, were obtained at the current density of 4 A/dm, electrolyte concentration of 4 g/L, effluent pH of 7, COD concentration of 3000 mg/L, electrode combination of Fe/Fe, inter-electrode distance of 1 cm, and reaction time of 4 h, respectively. The color and COD removal percentages were analyzed by using an UV/Vis spectrophotometer and closed reflux method. The results showed that the sono-electrocoagulation process could be used as an efficient and environmental friendly technique for complete pollutant removal.

Electrocoagulation coupled adsorption for anaerobic wastewater post-treatment and reuse purposes

“…El-Ashtoukhy et al [47] observed a specific energy consumption of 15.1 kWh/kg for the treatment of car-wash effluents with COD concentrations between 350 and 550 mg/L at 115 A/m 2 and pH 7.15. Asaithambi et al [22] demonstrate that the lower the COD concentration, the higher the specific energy consumption, and the specific energy consumption value observed in this work is average compared to those commonly observed by other authors [13,17]. The electrocoagulation effluent in optimized conditions was completely characterized, according to Table 4.…”

“…This therefore causes the potentiation of coagulation and the removal of contaminants. The greater current density also increases the coagulant surface area, due to the active sites and the H 2 bubble density generated at the cathode [22,45], implying the flotation of pollutants and greater removal of COD. Moreover, the increased current intensity results in a significant decrease in the diameter of the gas bubbles, which accelerates the efficiency of the electrocoagulation treatment [44].…”

“…However, EC alone, as a post-treatment technique, is not able to achieve water quality levels for reuse, especially with regard to organic load, suspended solids and color. For this reason, EC has been coupled to different techniques, such as a membrane separation process [21], soni-cation [22], sand filtration [4], ultrasound [23] and anodic oxidation [24].…”

A Review of Hybrid Process Development Based on Electrochemical and Advanced Oxidation Processes for the Treatment of Industrial Wastewater

“…us, the intermittent ultrasonic technique was found to be compatible with sono-EC. Asaithambi et al [157] concluded that sonication, electrocoagulation, and sono-assisted electrocoagulation methods were successfully used to treat pulp and paper mill effluent and that the results were compared in terms of colour removal, COD removal, and energy consumption.…”

Effluent of biomass cooking with active oxygen and solid alkali (CAOSA): component separation, recovery and characterization

“…[4][5][6] However, effluent from the biorenery industry, which makes quite a large proportion of industrial wastewater, has been particularly challenging to address because of its high total organic carbon (TOC) content, strong alkalinity and even toxicity. [7][8][9] Current disposal methods mainly include coagulation, precipitation, biological aeration or the introduction of oxidizing agents such as Fenton's reagent, ozone and peroxide. 10,11 By the method of oxygen delignication, 51, 57 and 43% of BOD 3 , COD and color were reduced of the sodaanthraquinone pulping effluent.…”