Sonocatalytic performance of magnetically separable CuS/CoFe2O4 nanohybrid for efficient degradation of organic dyes

Abstract

The sonocatalytic activity of the magnetic CuS/CoFeO (CuS/CFO) nanohybrid was studied through the HO-assisted system for degradation of water soluble organic pollutants such as methylene blue (MB), rhodamine B (RhB) and methyl orange (MO). The CuS/CFO nanohybrid was fabricated at 200 °C by hydrothermal method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) equipped with energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis (EDX), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), UV-Vis spectroscopy, magnetic measurements, and Brunauere-Emmette-Teller (BET) were employed for the characterizing the structure and morphology of the so-synthesized nanohybrid. Compared with sonolysis/HO, the higher degradation of MB (25 mg/L) was achieved via sonocatalytic process. The degradation efficiency of sonolysis/HO, sonocatalysis using CuS/HO, CFO/HO and CuS/CFO/HO systems was 6%, 62%, 23% and 100% within reaction time of 30 min for MB, respectively. The integration of HO and catalyst dosage intensified the sonocatalytic degradation of MB. On the other hand, adding a hydroxyl radical (OH) scavenger (tert-butyl alcohol) and a hole scavenger (disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate) decreased the degradation efficiency from 100% to 35% and 72% within 30 min, indicating the OH radicals as prominent oxidizing agent of this process. Furthermore, the magnetic property of the sample helped for easier separation of the nanohybrid, made it recyclable with a negligible decline in the performance even after four consecutive runs.

Construction of High‐Nuclear CuxSy Nanocrystalline Catalyst from High‐Nuclear Copper Cluster

“…The results show that no obvious degradation occurs after 30 minutes of continuous UV light irradiation in the absence of the Cu x S y of 4 h and the degradation level of RhB with the catalyst reach 40.7%, 77.4%, 91.5%, 98.2% after 4 mins, 8 mins, 12 mins, 16 mins, respectively. Cu x S y of 4 h is considered as the better photocatalyst for degradation of RhB than the reported FeOOH and CuS/CoFe 2 O 4 with the degradation level for RhB (20 ppm) of 87% after 60 minutes and for RhB (25 ppm) of 72% needed 30 minutes, repectively ,. The catalyst Cu x S y of 4 h showed good catalytic activity not only for the single MB or RhB degradation, but also for the mixed dyes (MB and RhB) degradation.…”

“…PAN/CuS composite nanofibers with the degradation rate reached 94.5% for MB (35 ppm) after 40 minutes . About 30 minutes was required before the degradation level increased to 100% using a CuS/CoFe 2 O 4 catalyst in the presence of H 2 O 2 to degrade 25 ppm MB in the UV light . The degradation level of the amorphous TiO 2 for MB (20 ppm) reached 90% after 120 minutes .…”

“…[38] About 30 minutes was required before the degrada- tion level increased to 100% using a CuS/CoFe 2 O 4 catalyst in the presence of H 2 O 2 to degrade 25 ppm MB in the UV light. [39] The degradation level of the amorphous TiO 2 for MB (20 ppm) reached 90% after 120 minutes. [40] The high catalytic activity of the high-nuclear Cu x S y materials can attribute to the large amounts of metal centers with reactive centers and the mesoporous structure of samples.…”

“…Cu x S y of 4 h is considered as the better photocatalyst for degradation of RhB than the reported FeOOH and CuS/CoFe 2 O 4 with the degradation level for RhB (20 ppm) of 87% after 60 minutes and for RhB (25 ppm) of 72% needed 30 minutes, repectively. [39,46] The catalyst Cu x S y of 4 h showed good catalytic activity not only for the single MB or RhB degradation, but also for the mixed dyes (MB and RhB) degradation. Similarly, the catalyst Cu x S y of 4 h was also introduced in the process of degradation for mixed dyes (MB and RhB) in the UV light.…”

Ultrasonically Induced Sulfur-Doped Carbon Nitride/Cobalt Ferrite Nanocomposite for Efficient Sonocatalytic Removal of Organic Dyes

“…The hot spots stimulate the sonolysis of H 2 O to produce •OH and hydrogen radicals (•H) as shown in Equation 3. Sonoluminescence is generated when sound waves with sufficient intensity results in the formation of light [58]. Therefore, both SCN and CoFe 2 O 4 can be excited to produce sonogenerated e − -h + in the presence of visible light.…”