Sonoelectrochemical deposition of calcium phosphate coatings on carbon materials—effect of electrolyte concentration

Abstract

Calcium phosphate was deposited on carbon materials using a sonoelectrochemical method in an electrolyte containing calcium and phosphate ions. The effect of electrolyte concentration on sonoelectrochemically deposited calcium phosphate coatings was investigated and the underlying deposition mechanisms were discussed. The morphology, size and composition of the crystalline deposits changed with the electrolyte concentration. A mixture of plate, sphere and needle-like deposits was obtained at Ca(2+) ion concentrations greater than 16 mM, however needle-like hydroxyapatite (HA) was obtained at lower Ca(2+) concentrations. Analysis revealed that the sonoelectrochemical deposition of calcium phosphate consists of two processes-nucleation and crystal growth. The results suggest that the homogeneous nucleation of calcium phosphates in solution, followed by their absorption onto the carbon surface may account for the mechanism of coating observed at higher ionic concentrations. At lower concentrations, heterogeneous nucleation occurs on the surface of the carbon fibres, followed by the development of islands of crystal growth. The lower ionic concentration was shown to favour the generation of hydroxyapatite on carbon-based materials.

Development and Characterization of Biomimetic Carbonated Calcium-Deficient Hydroxyapatite Deposited on Carbon Fiber Scaffold

“…C 2018, 4, x FOR PEER REVIEW 2 of 8 setting adequate parameters [1,2,6,[12][13][14]. The purpose of this present study is to demonstrate the effect of current density on thickness, morphology, microtexture, and chemical composition of the CaP phases deposited on carbon cloths in order to modulate these features according to desired application.…”

“…Conversely, owing to high biocompatibility, bioactivity, and osteoconductivity, calcium orthophosphate (CaP) ceramics, such as hydroxyapatite (HAP), have received much attention in the field of tissue engineering and have been clinically employed either as coating or as scaffold in orthopaedics and dentistry [3][4][5]. In this context, CaP-coated carbon fibers or cloth, combining the high biocompatibility of CaP with the properties of carbon fiber, appear as promising biomaterials for bone repair and regeneration [2,3,6].…”

Preparation of improved hydroxyapatite coating on HT-C/C by modified induction heating deposition/hydrothermal treatment technologies

“…Sonochemistry, the combination of ultrasound with electrochemistry, has recently received considerable attention, which provides various benefits over conventional, so called silent chemical methods. 13 For example, sonoelectrochemical deposition has previously been reported to increase the hardness of the ceramic coating, markedly improve deposition rates and efficiencies and enhance adhesion of the coating to the substrate. 14 In this study, the aim was to prepare improved undoped HA coatings on HT-C/C composites in ammonia aqueous by modified IHD/HT, namely, monetite coatings were produced on HT-C/C by IHD with ultrasonic agitation of the bath and then converted to HA coatings undoped with other cations by HT.…”

“…Sonochemistry, the combination of ultrasound with electrochemistry, has recently received considerable attention, which provides various benefits over conventional, so called silent chemical methods 13. For example, sonoelectrochemical deposition has previously been reported to increase the hardness of the ceramic coating, markedly improve deposition rates and efficiencies and enhance adhesion of the coating to the substrate 14.…”