Sonographic evaluation of the vagus nerves: Protocol, reference values, and side‐to‐side differences

Abstract

The right VN CSA is significantly larger than the left. These side- and age-specific reference values for the VN may be useful for future studies. Muscle Nerve 57: 766-771, 2018.

Differential age‐, gender‐, and side‐dependency of vagus, spinal accessory, and phrenic nerve calibers detected with precise ultrasonography measures

“…In diabetes, CSA has been reported to be decreased in the vagus nerve and increased in peripheral nerves . Present data confirm the recently reported right‐left differences in vagus nerve diameters . We additionally show that vagus nerve CSA is larger in women than in men.…”

“…However, HR‐US systems are now available that provide online area measures as square millimeters with 1 or more (up to 3) digits after the decimal point, an option that can be chosen by the user in the system settings . The measures of vagus nerve CSA in the present study are lower than values reported earlier for a normal population . This can be explained by the more precise method applied here for calculating CSA.…”

“…The precise measurement of the CSA of such nerves is of increasing clinical relevance for the monitoring of neurodegenerative disorders . Most contemporary HR‐US systems, including the system used here, allow for online measurements of CSA only as full square millimeters . However, HR‐US systems are now available that provide online area measures as square millimeters with 1 or more (up to 3) digits after the decimal point, an option that can be chosen by the user in the system settings .…”

“…12,[18][19][20] Most contemporary HR-US systems, including the system used here, allow for online measurements of CSA only as full square millimeters. 21 However, HR-US systems are now available that provide online area measures as square millimeters with 1 or more (up to 3) digits after the decimal point, an option that can be chosen by the user in the system settings. 22 The measures of vagus nerve CSA in the present study are lower than values reported earlier for a normal population.…”

Cross‐sectional area reference values for sonography of nerves in the upper extremities

“…Cross‐sectional area (CSA) is the most useful and reliable ultrasonographic parameter. Normal values of CSA of peripheral nerves were reported in several populations, but values obtained from different laboratories varied greatly . The normal size of a nerve may be different among different ethnic groups, as shown by Burg et al, who compared CSAs of the median nerve between samples of Indian and Dutch healthy populations .…”