Sonographic measurement of renal length in children: Does the position of the patient matter?

Carrico, Caroline; Zerin, J. Michael

doi:10.1007/bf01372240

Cited by 41 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The state of bladder filling should especially be noted on serial ultrasounds and compared to the previous study when worsening HN is detected (19). Similarly, comparisons of renal length or APD between serial studies should be consistent with the patient positioning, as the prone views CUAJ -CUA Guideline Capolicchio et al Guideline: Antenatally detected hydronephrosis can differ from the supine or decubitus views (20). Fasting for a RBUS is both unnecessary and unpleasant.…”

Section: Renal -Bladder Ultrasound (Rbus)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Canadian Urological Association/Pediatric Urologists of Canada guidelines on the investigation and management of antenatally detected hydronephrosis

Capolicchio¹,

Braga²,

Szymański³

2017

CUAJ

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Section: Renal -Bladder Ultrasound (Rbus)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Canadian Urological Association/Pediatric Urologists of Canada guidelines on the investigation and management of antenatally detected hydronephrosis

Capolicchio¹,

Braga²,

Szymański³

2017

CUAJ

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“…Furthermore, several reports have shown that, depending on the patient position, the measured maximal longitudinal length varies. Carrico, De Sanctis and Nakamura showed that supine, coronal views yield longer renal measurements than prone, sagittal views [3,[6][7][8]. Carrico and De Sanctis did not propose an explanation for the reported position-related differences.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Schlesinger showed, however, that variations in renal length can be measured that are equal to the normal increase in renal length that occur in 1-2 years, suggesting that ultrasonography is limited for evaluating renal growth [5]. In addition, several studies have shown that the measured maximal longitudinal renal length varies with the used imaging plane as well as with the patient position [3,[6][7][8]. De Sanctis and Nakamura showed that coronal views in the contralateral oblique position and sagittal views in the supine position yield longer renal lengths than sagittal views in the prone position [3,7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Renal dimensions measured by ultrasonography in children: variations as a function of the imaging plane and patient position

et al. 2004

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The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of patient positioning on sonographic renal measurements and to test if the patient position alters the three-dimensional shape of the kidneys. The maximum longitudinal renal length and transverse renal width and depth were measured in the supine and prone position in 100 children (200 kidneys). Age ranged from 6 months to 16 years (mean age 5 years). The results were compared for statistically significant differences. The maximum measured longitudinal renal length was statistically significantly larger in the supine than in the prone position (supine position, left: 8.0 cm; right: 7.7 cm; prone position, left: 7.9 cm, right: 7.6 cm; P<0.001). There was no statistically significant change in the transverse diameters (width and depth, P>0.001) and renal volume ( P>0.001) in the supine vs. prone positions. Our results show that position-induced reshaping of the kidneys is unlikely to be responsible for the discrepancy in maximum longitudinal renal measurements comparing supine with prone positions. Position-dependent changes in the degree of filling of the renal calyces and pelvis as well as errors in caliper distance measurements for the different scan depths (supine vs. prone) are more likely to be responsible for the encountered differences. Consequently, we recommend to add prone renal length measurements in addition to the supine measurements. In follow-up examinations, renal length measurements should only be compared that have been collected in the same patient position.

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“…At our institution, kidneys were measured in supine position. Ultrasounds performed at outside institutions may have used a different technique; however, only three ultrasounds were performed at outside institutions, and any differences between prone and supine measurements are likely to be small (24). Additionally, RPA measurements were adjusted for the scale of the images.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Renal Parenchymal Area and Risk of ESRD in Boys with Posterior Urethral Valves

Pulido¹,

Furth

Zderic

et al. 2014

Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

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Background and objectives Approximately 20% of boys with posterior urethral valves develop ESRD; however, few factors associated with the risk of ESRD have been identified. The objective of this study was to determine if renal parenchymal area, defined as the area of the kidney minus the area of the pelvicaliceal system on first postnatal ultrasound, is associated with the risk of ESRD in infants with posterior urethral valves.Design, setting, participants, & measurements A retrospective cohort of boys who were diagnosed with posterior urethral valves at less than 6 months of age between 1988 and 2011 and followed for at least 1 year at a freestanding children's hospital was assembled. Cox proportional hazard regression and Kaplan-Meier analysis were used to estimate the association between renal parenchymal area and time to ESRD. Cox models were adjusted for age at presentation, minimum creatinine 1 month after bladder decompression, and vesicoureteral reflux.Results Sixty patients were followed for 393 person-years. Eight patients developed ESRD. Median renal parenchymal area was 15.9 cm 2 (interquartile range=13.0-21.6 cm 2 ). Each 1-cm 2 increase in renal parenchymal area was associated with a lower risk of ESRD (hazard ratio, 0.64; 95% confidence interval, 0.42 to 0.98). The rate of time to ESRD was 10 times higher in boys with renal parenchymal area,12.4 cm 2 than boys with renal parenchymal area$12.4 cm 2 (P,0.001). Renal parenchymal area could best discriminate children at risk for ESRD when the minimum creatinine in the first 1 month after bladder decompression was between 0.8 and 1.1 mg/dl. ConclusionIn boys with posterior urethral valves presenting during the first 6 months of life, lower renal parenchymal area is associated with an increased risk of ESRD during childhood. The predictive ability of renal parenchymal area, which is available at time of diagnosis, should be validated in a larger, prospectively-enrolled cohort.

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Sonographic measurement of renal length in children: Does the position of the patient matter?

Abstract: Sonographic measurements of renal length made with the patient lying supine or in contralateral decubitus yield slightly higher values than those made with the patient prone.

Cited by 41 publications

References 15 publications

Canadian Urological Association/Pediatric Urologists of Canada guidelines on the investigation and management of antenatally detected hydronephrosis

Canadian Urological Association/Pediatric Urologists of Canada guidelines on the investigation and management of antenatally detected hydronephrosis

Renal dimensions measured by ultrasonography in children: variations as a function of the imaging plane and patient position

Renal Parenchymal Area and Risk of ESRD in Boys with Posterior Urethral Valves

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