Sonophotocatalytic degradation of organic pollutant under visible light over Pt decorated CeO2: Role of ultrasonic waves for unprecedented degradation

An Innovative Solution for the Treatment of Poultry Industry Wastewater With Advanced Hybrid Technology Sono-Photocatalysis

“…The effect of three catalyst dosages of 0.5 g/L, 1.5 g/L, and 2.5 g/L on the COD and O&G degradation were investigated for TiO2 and ZnO catalysts, respectively as given in Figure 2(a-b). As expected, with an increase in catalyst dosage, percentage removal efficiencies of COD and O&G increase up to 1.5 g/L which is due to the maximum number of active sites available with more photo-generated electron holes for the generation of maximum active species during the degradation of organic pollutants (Abdelhay et al, 2020;Khan et al, 2022). Also, increasing catalyst concentration causes an increase in the number of cavitation bubbles due to providing additional nuclei, and consequently, more HO.…”

“…In this study, Taguchi's approach with six controllable factors (A: catalyst type (CT), B: UV irradiation type (UVT), C: catalyst concentration (CC), D: pH, E: H2O2 concentration (CH2O2), F: operation time (t) were chosen for investigating SPC process. The levels of the factors used in the process were selected according to the literature review (Ayare and Gogate, 2020;Karim and Shriwastav, 2020;Steven et al, 2021;Khan et al, 2022). Table 2 shows the Taguchi L36 (2 2 x 3 4 ) orthogonal array that defines a total of 36 experimental sets, two independents with two levels and four independents with three levels used in the study.…”

“…The additional hydroxyl free radical HO. formation along with superoxide radical (O2 •-) helps in the improvement of the photodegradation ability of SPC (Khan et al, 2022).…”

“…Recently, several advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) have been explored for the treatment of PSWW, i.e., electrocoagulation Emerick et al, 2020), Fenton (Cui et al, 2021), electro-Fenton (Zhang et al, 2020), ultrasound (Abdelhay et al, 2020) and photocatalysis (Samsudin et al, 2019;Asha and Kumar, 2015); however, to the best of our knowledge, there has yet been no published researches have been established on the synergistic effect of combined photocatalysis and sonolysis processes called "sono-photocatalysis" (SPC) for the PSWW treatment. The hybrid SPC technique has gained much popularity to perfectively degrade all kinds of pollutants in extending the photogenerated electron-hole transfer pathway owing to easy operational, cheapness, and rapid pollution-free technology (Khan et al, 2022;Karim and Shriwastav, 2020;Fan et al, 2022). Besides, critical limitations, including the required long reaction time for the single process and their low capability to achieve complete mineralization of organic molecules for their individual use can be eliminated by the combination of photon, ultrasonic waves, and a semiconductor catalyst (Abdurahman et al, 2021;Khitab et al, 2022).…”

Comparison Performances of Hybrid Sonocatalysis and Sonophotocatalysis on the Elimination of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid in Water: Mineralization and Economic Analysis

“…However, the individual advanced oxidation methods have many drawbacks including, insufficient transmission of light in water and limited reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation that prevents several applications [25,26]. Currently, hybrid processes such as the combination of photocatalysis (PC) and sonolysis (S), called 'sonophotocatalysis' (SPC), have gained attention as a way to combine the advantages of the two processes to degrade all kinds of compounds from water owing to easy operational, cheapness, and environmental friendly [27][28][29][30]. In the hybrid SPC process, uniform distribution of photocatalyst in water, enhancement of the catalyst surface area and catalytic activities, mass transfer increment, regeneration of active sites are the widely benefits of cavitation phenomenon that clearly explains the reason why SPC process is preferred [31][32][33].…”