Sorbitol and NaCl stresses affect free, microsome-associated and thylakoid-associated polyamine content in Zea mays and Phaseolus vulgaris

Abstract

Most of commercially important crops, including maize and common bean, are sensitive to water deficit and salinity. Polyamines are considered to be osmotic and salt tolerance modulators and biochemical indicators of these stresses. In the present study, we measured organ-specific changes in levels of free, microsome-and thylakoid-associated polyamines in leaves and roots of maize and common bean plants exposed for 24 h to osmotic and saline stresses. Putrescine levels were generally higher in the studied organs of both species and under both stresses; only in the roots of salt-treated bean it considerably decreased. In both species, salt stress (200 mM NaCl) induced a significant decrease in free spermidine in roots. We observed a significant decrease in the contents of all polyamines associated with the microsomes isolated from the roots of maize and bean growing in sorbitol and salt conditions. Also the microsomes isolated from the leaves of stressed plants were characterized by the lower contents of polyamines. Our data showed a reduction of putrescine content, with significantly decreased spermidine and spermine levels in thylakoids isolated from the chloroplasts of maize and bean plants growing under both stresses. The results indicate that the studied maize and bean cultivars are rather drought-sensitive. Additionally, microsome-and thylakoid-associated polyamines seem to be good markers of plant stress tolerance.

Proteomic analysis of salt‐responsive proteins in oat roots (Avena sativa L.)

“…Put and Spd contents in the oat root were found to increase by 55.12 and 48.37% respectively compared with the control. Under short‐term salinity a decrease in Put, Spm and Spd contents was observed in cucumber roots, while higher contents of Spd and Spm and lower Put were observed in the roots of two barley cultivars . Some differences were observed between short‐ and long‐term salinity treatments.…”

“…Under short-term salinity a decrease in Put, Spm and Spd contents was observed in cucumber roots, while higher contents of Spd and Spm and lower Put were observed in the roots of two barley cultivars. 36 Some differences were observed between short-and long-term salinity treatments. Namely, under our long-term stress the content of Put was found to increase, while under short-term stress it decreased or was unchanged.…”

Polyamines and legumes: Joint stories of stress, nitrogen fixation and environment

“…PAs most likely rigidify microsomal membrane surfaces, stabilizing them against NaCl and osmotic stress damage as part of an adaptive mechanism to salt and osmotic stress of droughttolerant lupine plants, authors concluded. Inversely, a significant decrease in the contents of all PAs associated with the microsomes was observed in P. vulgaris (sensitive to water deficit and salinity) growing in sorbitol and salt conditions (Legocka and Sobieszczuk-Nowicka, 2012). These results suggested that microsome-and thylakoid-associated PAs could be good markers of plant stress tolerance.…”

Polyamines and Legumes: Joint Stories of Stress, Nitrogen Fixation and Environment

“…In such circumstances, Spm plays an essential role in protecting the photosynthetic apparatus by interaction with photosystem II and light harvesting complex (LCH) proteins, preserving the integrity of the thylakoid membranes structure (Hamdani et al, 2011), helping in the maintenance of the photosynthetic activity. Drought-sensitive P. vulgaris plants presented significant decreases in the contents of all PAs associated with thylakoids isolated from plants growing in sorbitol and salt conditions (Legocka and Sobieszczuk-Nowicka, 2012), suggesting that thylakoid-associated PAs would be good markers of plant stress tolerance. Also, Spm application to G. max leaves reduced osmotic stress-induced losses in chlorophyll, carotenoid, and protein levels (Radhakrishnan and Lee, 2013).…”