Sorghum can Compensate for Chilling‐Induced Grain Loss

Wood, A. W.; Tan, Daniel K. Y.; Mamun, Ezaz Al; Sutton, B. G.

doi:10.1111/j.1439-037x.2006.00233.x

Cited by 20 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…2004). Furthermore, Wood et al. (2006) reported that the reduction in grain set and harvest index followed a similar trend with that of pollen viability in sorghum plants subjected to chilling treatment for 5 days at the pre‐meiotic stage of anther development.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Assessment of Cold and Heat Tolerance of Winter‐grown Canola (Brassica napus L.) Cultivars by Pollen‐based Parameters

Singh

Kakani

Brand

et al. 2008

J Agronomy Crop Science

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Winter‐grown canola (Brassica napus L.) production is limited mostly by frost and winter kill in the southern canola‐growing regions of the United States. Tolerance to cold and heat were assessed by studying percentage of pollen viability (PV), in vitro pollen germination (PG) and pollen tube length (PTL) for 12 field‐grown cultivars. Freshly collected pollen from all cultivars were incubated on artificial solid growth media at a constant temperature ranging from 10 to 35 °C at 5 °C interval for 30 h to determine PG and PTL. A modified bilinear model best described the temperature response functions of PG and PTL. Canola cultivars showed significant variability (P < 0.001) for PV (61.3 % to 89.7 %), PG (29.0 % to 48.2 %) and PTL (463 to 931 μm). The average cardinal temperatures, Tmin, Topt and Tmax, for PG and PTL were 6.4, 24.3 and 33.7 °C, respectively. Principal component analysis revealed that maximum PG, PTL, Tmin and Topt of both PG and PTL were the most important factors in determining cold tolerance, whereas Tmax of PG and PTL, and maximum PG and PTL were more responsible in separating the cultivars for heat tolerance. The canola cultivar, KS3077, was the most cold tolerant with the lowest Tmin and the widest temperature adaptability range, and the cultivar Kadore was the most heat tolerant with the highest Tmax for the PG. The identified cold‐ and heat‐tolerant cultivars may be useful in canola‐breeding programmes to develop cultivars suitable for a niche environment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Assessment of Cold and Heat Tolerance of Winter‐grown Canola (Brassica napus L.) Cultivars by Pollen‐based Parameters

Singh

Kakani

Brand

et al. 2008

J Agronomy Crop Science

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“…These results seem to show that our A‐, B‐ and R‐lines are adapted to chilling (night temperatures from 3.5 to 8.4 °C) and the male‐fertile lines have increased the proportion of viable pollen (75 %). Wood et al. (2006) reported that temperatures between 8 °C and 12 °C during sorghum microsporogenesis caused reductions of 60–70 % in pollen viability and reductions of 40–50 % in the number of seeds per panicle.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Floral Traits and Seed Production of Sorghum A‐, B‐ and R‐lines under Chilling Field Temperatures

Cisneros-López

Mendoza-Onofre

Zavaleta‐Mancera

et al. 2009

J Agronomy Crop Science

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In A‐lines of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench), seed production under field conditions with manual pollination is generally lower than that in self‐pollinated B‐lines. This may be associated with floral differences. Six pairs of A/B‐lines and four R‐lines were evaluated during 2005 and 2006 at Montecillo, State of México (2240 m altitude). Rachis length, number of primary branches and fertile flowers per panicle, 100‐seed weight, seed number, seed yield and seed set per panicle were evaluated. In the A‐lines, the pistil characteristics were also measured and in the male‐fertile lines, the size of anthers and the amount and size of viable pollen were recorded. Compared with the A‐ and B‐lines, the R‐lines exhibited significantly higher (P ≤ 0.05) numbers of flowers, seed set and seed yield per panicle and they also produced more pollen grains of larger size and with greater viability during their longer flowering period (FP). Between A‐ and B‐lines, there were differences (P ≤ 0.05) in most of the yield traits, which also interacted with year. The proportion of viable pollen in B‐ and R‐lines (75 %) was not considered to be a factor that might account for their low seed production. Chilling temperatures (3.5–8.4 °C) during the FP could have affected stigma receptivity in the three different line types and thus may have reduced seed set in the male‐fertile lines.

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“…In grain sorghum, the optimum mean temperature range for seed germination is 21-35°C, and the optimum temperature ranges are between 26-34°C and 25-28°C for vegetative growth/ development and reproductive maturity, respectively (Maiti 1996). Adverse environmental conditions, such as cold (Wood et al 2006) or high temperature stress (Prasad et al 2006a) have been shown to aVect male fertility and compromise grain yield in sorghum. The following research was undertaken in order to determine the threshold levels of chronic (season-long) and acute (short-term, coincident with microsporogenesis) high temperature stress treatments that aVect pollen fertility and seed-set in grain sorghum.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of season-long high temperature growth conditions on sugar-to-starch metabolism in developing microspores of grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench)

Jain

Prasad

Boote

et al. 2007

Planta

156

112

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High temperature stress-induced male sterility is a critical problem in grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) that significantly compromises crop yields. Grain sorghum plants were grown season-long under ambient (30/20 degrees C, day-time maximum/night-time minimum) and high temperature (36/26 degrees C) conditions in sunlit Soil-Plant-Atmospheric-Research (SPAR) growth chambers. We report data on the effects of high temperature on sugar levels and expression profiles of genes related to sugar-to-starch metabolism in microspore populations represented by pre- and post-meiotic "early" stages through post-mitotic "late" stages that show detectable levels of starch deposition. Microspores from high temperature stress conditions showed starch-deficiency and considerably reduced germination, translating into 27% loss in seed-set. Sugar profiles showed significant differences in hexose levels at both "early" and "late" stages at the two temperature regimes; and most notably, undetectable sucrose and approximately 50% lower starch content in "late" microspores from heat-stressed plants. Northern blot, quantitative PCR, and immunolocalization data revealed a significant reduction in the steady-state transcript abundance of SbIncw1 gene and CWI proteins in both sporophytic as well as microgametophytic tissues under high temperature conditions. Northern blot analyses also indicated greatly altered temporal expression profiles of various genes involved in sugar cleavage and utilization (SbIncw1, SbIvr2, Sh1, and Sus1), transport (Mha1 and MST1) and starch biosynthesis (Bt2, SU1, GBSS1, and UGPase) in heat-stressed plants. Collectively, these data suggest that impairment of CWI-mediated sucrose hydrolysis and subsequent lack of sucrose biosynthesis may be the most upstream molecular dysfunctions leading to altered carbohydrate metabolism and starch deficiency under elevated growth temperature conditions.

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Sorghum can Compensate for Chilling‐Induced Grain Loss

Cited by 20 publications

References 19 publications

Assessment of Cold and Heat Tolerance of Winter‐grown Canola (Brassica napus L.) Cultivars by Pollen‐based Parameters

Assessment of Cold and Heat Tolerance of Winter‐grown Canola (Brassica napus L.) Cultivars by Pollen‐based Parameters

Floral Traits and Seed Production of Sorghum A‐, B‐ and R‐lines under Chilling Field Temperatures

Effects of season-long high temperature growth conditions on sugar-to-starch metabolism in developing microspores of grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench)

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