Sorghum in dryland: morphological, physiological, and molecular responses of sorghum under drought stress

Abreha, Kibrom B.; Enyew, Muluken; Carlsson, Anders S.; Vetukuri, Ramesh R.; Feyissa, Tileye; Motlhaodi, Tiny; Ng'uni, Dickson; Geleta, Mulatu

doi:10.1007/s00425-021-03799-7

Cited by 113 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 127 publications

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“…Among the sorghum production constraints listed, severe drought in the post-flowering stage may be the most significant over time. A large number of farmers in the affected area may need to produce medium-maturing sorghum cultivars with high grain and biomass yields that can be planted at normal planting times yet avoid post-flowering drought (Azu et al, 2021;Abreha et al, 2022).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agricultural Drought and Its Potential Impacts: Enabling Decision-Support for Food Security in Vulnerable Regions

Orimoloye

2022

Front. Sustain. Food Syst.

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Increasing demand for food and environmental stressors are some of the most challenging problems that human societies face today and these have encouraged new studies to examine drought impacts on food production. Seeking to discuss these important issues in the South African context, this study analyzed the impacts of drought on food security in one of the country's largest commercial agricultural land (Free State Province). Earth observation and crop data were acquired from Application for Extracting and Exploring Analysis Ready Samples (AppEEARS) and GrainSA databases, respectively for years 2011/2012–2020/2021 over Free State Province. Two crops namely, maize and sorghum were obtained from the database and analyzed accordingly to quantify drought impacts on the two crops. The result reveals that the years 2015 and 2018 were affected by extreme drought events (<10%) where the majority of the study area was impacted. Years 2011, 2016, 2018, and 2019 were severely affected by drought (>30%) and impacted the agricultural sector in the study area. Findings further revealed that maize production observed the lowest recorded in the year 2014 and 2015 with about 223,600 and 119,050 tons, respectively. More so, results further showed that sorghum production recorded the lowest production in years 2019, 2016, and 2015 with about 23,600, 24,640, and 24,150 tons, in that order during the period of study. The results confirm the impacts of drought on maize and sorghum productions in the year 2015 and other years that recorded the lowest productions during drought years. This development might have impacted food security in the study area, and this outcome will enable decision-making bodies on food security to enhance improved strategy in vulnerable areas.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agricultural Drought and Its Potential Impacts: Enabling Decision-Support for Food Security in Vulnerable Regions

Orimoloye

2022

Front. Sustain. Food Syst.

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“…To maximise productivity in drought circumstances, plants optimise the morphology, physiology, and metabolism of their organs and cells [9]. Drought tolerance is acquired by physiological, biochemical, and molecular processes unique to cells and tissues, such as particular gene expression and protein accumulation [47]. Fundamental alterations in water relations, metabolic and physiological processes, membrane structure, and ultrastructure of subcellular organelles characterize the dehydration process in drought-tolerant plants.…”

Section: Physiological Biochemical and Molecular Basis Of Drought Str...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sorghum Physiology and Adaptation to Abiotic Stresses

Behera

Saharia

Borah

et al. 2022

IJECC

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Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) is the world's fifth most important cereal and a staple crop for nations in Sub-Saharan Africa and Asia, with great biomass production potential. In the dry and semi-arid tropics, it may be considered as a source of human food, grain, and pasture for cattle, as well as fuel. Abiotic stress factors such as drought, warmth, salt, and submergence remain key limitations to crop growth and yield as a result of climate change. Although sorghum can resist a variety of conditions such as heat, drought, salt, and floods, in dry and semi-arid areas, this crop is typically damaged by water stress at the post-flowering stage. Drought tolerance is a result of morphological and anatomical characteristics (thick leaf wax, leaf rolling, deep root system, and kranz anatomy), as well as physiological responses such as osmotic adjustment via osmoprotectants, stay green traits, quiescence, and ROS-scavenging enzymes such as catalases (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidases (POD), and ascorbate peroxida (APX). Drought resistance is enhanced by functional proteins such as aquaporin, late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins, heat shock protein, and regulatory proteins such as protein kinase, various transcription factors such as DREB2, bZIP, and phytohormones such as ABA and ethylene. Drought-tolerant sorghum genotypes contain greater osmolyte, chlorophyll, RWC decrease, leaf rolling, and up-regulation of various enzymes and regulatory proteins. When breeding for drought resistance, it's crucial to understand the various drought tolerance mechanisms in plants. The key to generating abiotic stress-tolerant agricultural plants in the future is to understand the physiological underpinning of crop production, crop responses, and crop adaptability in stress-prone locations under sustainable agriculture.

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“…Sorghum ( Sorghumbicolor (L.) Moench ) is an annual herb of the genus Gramineae sorghum. Because of its high yield, strong adaptability and resistance, it is widely planted in drought, waterlogged and saline areas all over the world [ 1 , 2 ]. It is the fifth-largest cereal crop in the world after wheat, corn, rice and barley [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Fabrication and Characterization of Pickering Emulsion Gels Stabilized by Sorghum Flour

Song

Zhang

Liu

2022

Foods

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Pickering emulsion gels have potential application as solid fat substitutes and nutraceutical carriers in foods, but a safe and easily available food-derived particle emulsifier is the bottleneck that limits their practical application. In this study, the function of sorghum flour as a particle emulsifier to stabilize the oil-in-water (O/W) Pickering emulsion gels with medium chain triglycerides (MCT) in the oil phase was introduced. Sorghum flour had suitable size distribution (median diameter, 21.47 μm) and wettability (contact angle, 38°) and could reduce the interfacial tension between MCT and water. The oil phase volume fraction (φ) and the addition amount of sorghum flour (c) had significant effects on the formation of Pickering emulsion gels. When c ≥ 5%, Pickering emulsion gels with φ = 70% could be obtained. Microstructure analysis indicated that sorghum flour not only played an emulsifying role at the O/W interface but also prevented oil droplets from coalescing through its viscous effect in the aqueous phase. With increases in c, the droplet size of the emulsion gel decreased, its mechanical properties gradually strengthened, and its protective effect on β-carotene against UV irradiation also improved.

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Sorghum in dryland: morphological, physiological, and molecular responses of sorghum under drought stress

Cited by 113 publications

References 127 publications

Agricultural Drought and Its Potential Impacts: Enabling Decision-Support for Food Security in Vulnerable Regions

Agricultural Drought and Its Potential Impacts: Enabling Decision-Support for Food Security in Vulnerable Regions

Sorghum Physiology and Adaptation to Abiotic Stresses

The Fabrication and Characterization of Pickering Emulsion Gels Stabilized by Sorghum Flour

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