Sorption and Permeation of Aqueous Alkyl Piperazines through Hydrophilic and Organophilic Membranes: A Transport Analysis

Dagaonkar, Manoj V.; Sawant, S.B.; Joshi, J. B.; Pangarkar, Vishwas G.

doi:10.1080/01496399808544771

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Crosslinked PDMS membranes have been tried [10,12] by several workers for selective permeation of organics in low concentration from its aqueous mixtures. Natural rubber has been tried for selective permeation of acetic acid from its aqueous solution in low concentration [13]. However, these membranes showed poor organic selectivity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Separation of organic mixtures by pervaporation using crosslinked rubber membranes

Ray

2006

Journal of Membrane Science

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Separation of organic mixtures by pervaporation using crosslinked rubber membranes

Ray

2006

Journal of Membrane Science

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“…Pervaporation (PV) is a membrane-based separation process suitable for separating liquid mixtures comprising azeotropes and close boiling and temperature-sensitive products (1)(2)(3). Extensive research has been carried out to separate ethanol-water mixtures by PV.…”

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confidence: 99%

Dehydration of glycerine‐water mixtures by pervaporation

Burshe

Sawant

Pangarkar

1999

J Americ Oil Chem Soc

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Dehydration of glycerine-water mixtures by pervaporation (PV) was studied with Nafion  (NA), cellulose triacetate (CA), polyimide, carboxylated polyvinyl chloride (CPVC), and polyethersulfone (PES) membranes. PES membrane yielded the highest selectivity (6580) and CPVC membrane yielded the lowest selectivity (1552) at 5% by weight of water in the feed and 30°C. The NA membrane yielded the highest permeation flux (0.2-1.45 kg/m 2 h) of water over the entire water concentration range. Energy of activation of permeation for water was in the range of 7-15 kJ/mol, being highest for CPVC and lowest for CA. Comparison of PV and vapor liquid equilibrium data showed that the former gave better results, particularly for concentrating glycerine above 90 wt%.Pervaporation (PV) is a membrane-based separation process suitable for separating liquid mixtures comprising azeotropes and close boiling and temperature-sensitive products (1-3). Extensive research has been carried out to separate ethanol-water mixtures by PV. Apart from ethanol-water mixtures, work dealing with various applications was also published to explore the potential of PV (4-6). Because of its high selectivity and low energy requirements, PV is an alternative separation method in the chemicals industry.Glycerine is used in various products as a solvent, humectant, plasticizer, emollient, sweetener, a fermentation nutrient in the production of antibiotics, antifreeze in automobiles, etc. In the fat-splitting process glycerine is a co-product of soap manufacture and the manufacture of fatty acids (7). Removal of water from crude glycerine is an important step in the production of pure glycerine by the fat-splitting process. Presently, water is removed by evaporation/distillation. The high boiling point of glycerine (290°C), along with its relatively low decomposition temperature (190°C), necessitates the use of vacuum to lower the temperature requirements. For instance, at 10 mm Hg absolute the boiling point of glycerine is 166°C. Even this option cannot prevent the degradation and polymerization of glycerine (7). PV, which can achieve dehydration at much lower temperature, is therefore an attractive alternative.In the present work, attempts were made to use PV for dehydrating aqueous glycerine as a convenient and energy-efficient technique. Various polymeric membranes were prepared and tested for pervaporation of glycerine-water mixtures. PV performance was evaluated in terms of selectivity and flux. The effects of functional groups of the polymer comprising membrane, feed concentration, and feed temperature on the flux and selectivity were studied. Here, selectivity is defined as follows:where α = selectivity (dimensionless), X A = concentration in the feed (wt%) with water, and Y B = concentration in the permeate (wt%) with glycerine. Overall performance of the membrane was evaluated in terms of pervaporation separation index (PSI), defined by Huang (8) as given below:where C pwater and C fwater are water concentrations in the permeate and feed, respectively...

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“…Permeation factor [eq. (5)] quantifies the effect of one component on the permeation rate of the other component 11. From Figure 8(a), it is observed that for NR membranes, at very low concentration of pyridine in water (∼ 0.5 wt %), permeation factor for all the membranes are much higher than unity signifying positive coupling effect of water on pyridine flux.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, most of the organophilic rubber membranes cannot be used for this kind of organic removal from water because of much higher diffusion rate of water molecule through rubber membranes. Crosslinked PDMS membranes when tried for removal of piperzine from its aqueous solution11 resulted in water permeation although the membrane showed preferential piperzine sorption. Among the various elastomeric membranes efficiently cured, unfilled and filled SBR membranes were reported to yield high pyridine selectivity with a reasonable flux 6.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of pyridine from water by pervaporation using crosslinked and filled natural rubber membranes

Singha

Ray

2011

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Natural rubber (NR) of grade RSS4 was efficiently cured (crosslinked) by using sulfur: accelerator weight ratio of 1 : 4. This was further compounded with high abrasion grade carbon black filler (grade N330) with three different doses, that is, 5, 10, and 20 wt % of rubber to form three different filled and crosslinked membranes designated as NR5, NR10, and NR20, respectively. These filled rubber membranes and one unfilled but efficiently cured membrane, that is, NR0, were used for pervaporative removal of low concentration of pyridine from water. The filled membranes were found to show higher pyridine selectivity but lower flux than the unfilled membrane. All of these membranes showed reasonably good range of flux and pyridine selectivity. Among all of the used membranes, NR5-filled membrane yielded high pyridine selectivity (122)

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Sorption and Permeation of Aqueous Alkyl Piperazines through Hydrophilic and Organophilic Membranes: A Transport Analysis

Cited by 9 publications

References 10 publications

Separation of organic mixtures by pervaporation using crosslinked rubber membranes

Separation of organic mixtures by pervaporation using crosslinked rubber membranes

Dehydration of glycerine‐water mixtures by pervaporation

Removal of pyridine from water by pervaporation using crosslinked and filled natural rubber membranes

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