Sorption of phenanthrene and benzene on differently structural kerogen: Important role of micropore-filling

Ma, Xiaoxuan; Ran, Yong

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2013.10.039

Cited by 17 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Specifically, there were significant negative correlations of the n values with the aromatic carbon (F aro %), nonprotonated carbon (F naro %) (SI Figure S12) and micropore volumes V 0 –CO 2 (SI Figure S6). The results revealed that with increasing temperature, the larger aromaticity and micropore volumes resulted in stronger nonlinear sorption, consistent with other investigations. , …”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

“…The differences in the elemental contents of the different BCs may be due to the diverse activation mechanisms of ZnCl 2 and KOH. That is, ZnCl 2 activation mainly caused dehydration, whereas KOH reacted with C atoms. , Moreover, the activated and oxidized BCs in the current research gave higher O/C (0.14–0.30) values than the inactivated kerogen-derived BCs (O/C, 0.046–0.14), , demonstrating that activation and oxidization lowered the hydrophobicity of these BCs.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 49%

“…The kerogen was produced by demineralization of an oil shale, which was collected from Maoming City and named as OS. The demineralization process has been described in other reports. , The ZnCl 2 -activated and KOH-activated BCs were obtained by impregnation with ZnCl 2 or KOH, followed by slow pyrolysis under oxygen-limited conditions as previously reported. ,,− The detailed descriptions are presented in the Supporting Information (SI). The ZnCl 2 -activated black carbon samples (Z-BCs) produced at temperatures from 250 to 500 °C were named as Z250, Z300, Z350, Z400, Z450, and Z500.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many investigators have shown that the sorption mechanisms of HOCs on BCs are diverse, including specific sorption, nonspecific sorption, partitioning, and pore-filling. − Among them, the micropore-filling mechanism has been investigated in recent years. A few of the findings regarding the micropore-filling sorption mechanism of HOCs have been documented. , For example, Ran et al reported that micropore-filling of HOCs accounted for 45–98% of total sorption by peat and soil, and Zhang et al noted that 36–65% of HOCs can be adsorbed on kerogen by micropore-filling. Other investigations revealed that for condensed carbonaceous materials, organic carbon (OC) was the main medium to produce micropores, as significantly positive correlations were reported between the micropore volumes and OC contents or structure. ,, For example, it was found that the aliphatic C of the OC fractions and the aromatic C of biochars were key components determining their micropore and sorption behaviors of HOCs .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of the Chemical Structure, Surface, and Micropore Properties of Activated and Oxidized Black Carbon on the Sorption and Desorption of Phenanthrene

Zhang

Yang

et al. 2019

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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The effects of the chemical structure, surface properties, and micropore of modified black carbon samples (BCs) on the sorption mechanism of hydrophobic organic contaminants (HOCs) are discussed. Activated and oxidized BCs were produced from a shale kerogen at 250–500 °C by chemical activation regents (KOH and ZnCl2) and then by oxidative regents (H2O2 and NaClO). The surface properties (water contact angel, Boehm titration, and cation exchange capacity, CEC), structural properties (advanced solid-state 13C NMR), micropore properties (CO2 adsorption), mesopore properties (N2 adsorption), and sorption and desorption properties of phenanthrene were obtained. The results showed that ZnCl2-activated BCs had higher basic surface groups, CEC values, aromatic carbon contents, micropore volumes, and adsorption volumes but exhibited lower acidic surface groups than the KOH-activated BCs did. Micropore modeling and sorption irreversibility indicated that the micropore filling was the main sorption mechanism of phenanthrene. In addition, ZnCl2 activated and NaClO oxidized BCs showed a nice regression equation between adsorption volumes and micropore volumes (CO2–V 0) as follows: Q 0 ′ = 0.495V 0 + 6.28(R 2 = 0.98, p < 0.001). Moreover, the contents of nonprotonated aromatic carbon, micropore volumes, and micropore sizes are the critical factors to micropore filling mechanism of phenanthrene on BCs. The size of fused aromatic rings was estimated from the recoupled 1H–13C dipolar dephasing, and the BC structural models at temperatures ranging from 300 to 500 were proposed. This finding improves our understanding of the sorption mechanism of HOCs from the perspectives of chemical structure and micropore properties.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 49%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of the Chemical Structure, Surface, and Micropore Properties of Activated and Oxidized Black Carbon on the Sorption and Desorption of Phenanthrene

Zhang

Yang

et al. 2019

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…Jaffé et al, 2012; this study), due in part to different solubilities of DOM constituents in solvent (Mopper et al, 2007). Solid-state 13 C NMR experiment can analyze samples non-destructively irrespective of solubility, providing representative DOM structural information (Mao et al, 2012;Zhang et al, 2013Zhang et al, , 2014. Solid-state 13 C NMR spectrum has been extensively used for characterizing DOM from fresh and marine water (Benner et al, 1992;Bianchi et al, 2004;Engelhaupt and Bianchi, 2001;Jaffé et al, 2012;Koprivnjak et al, 2006;Maie et al, 2005;Mao et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compositions and constituents of freshwater dissolved organic matter isolated by reverse osmosis

Huang

Ran

Mao

2014

Marine Pollution Bulletin

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a b s t r a c tDissolved organic matter (DOM) from riverine and lacustrine water was isolated using a reverse osmosis (RO) system. Solid-state 13 C nuclear magnetic resonance ( 13 C NMR) was used to quantitatively evaluate the compositions and constituents of DOM, which are compared with previous investigations on marine DOM. Results indicated that concentration factor (CF) was a key metric controlling yield and sorption of DOM on the RO system. The sorption was likely non-selective, based on the 13 C NMR and d 13 C analyses. Carbohydrates and lipids accounted for 25.0-41.5% and 30.2-46.3% of the identifiable DOM, followed by proteins (18.2-19.8%) and lignin (7.17-12.8%). The freshwater DOM contained much higher alkyl and aromatic C but lower alkoxyl and carboxyl C than marine DOM. The structural difference was not completely accounted for by using structure of high molecular weight (HMW) DOM, suggesting a size change involved in transformations of DOM during the transport from rivers to oceans.

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Sorption of Ionizable Organic Amines on Soil and Their Effects on Phenanthrene Sorption

Sun

Wang

Feng

et al. 2015

Water Air Soil Pollut

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Sorption of four ionizable organic amines, nhexylamine, trimethylamine, 1-naphthylamine, and phenylamine, on a soil sample were measured, and their effects on the sorption of phenanthrene (PHE) to the same adsorbent were studied. The aim of this study was to better clarify sorption mechanisms of chemicals with different polarity and ionization characteristics in a single-solute system and in a polar/nonpolar binary system. In the single system, cationic organic amines exhibited greater sorption than those in a neutral form, and the sorption increased with hydrophobicity for amines with the same form. In the binary system, the sorption of PHE was promoted in the presence of nhexylamine and the solid-water distribution coefficient (K d ) increased with increasing amine concentrations. This may be explained by the elevated amount of hydrophobic organic sites provided by the head-on adsorption of cationic n-hexylamine to the negatively charged sorbent surface, which are probably more favorable for the sorption of PHE compared with natural organic matters. Contrarily, the neutral amine, 1-naphthylamine, might compete with PHE for the mutually available hydrophobic sites and hence inhibited PHE sorption.On the other hand, both trimethylamine and phenylamine had little effects on PHE sorption due to their relatively high solubility and weak hydrophobicity. Therefore, either in single or binary system, both the form and the solubility/hydrophobicity of the compound play important roles in the sorption of ionizable organic amines and their effects on the sorption of nonpolar cosolute.

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Sorption of phenanthrene and benzene on differently structural kerogen: Important role of micropore-filling

Cited by 17 publications

References 33 publications

Effects of the Chemical Structure, Surface, and Micropore Properties of Activated and Oxidized Black Carbon on the Sorption and Desorption of Phenanthrene

Effects of the Chemical Structure, Surface, and Micropore Properties of Activated and Oxidized Black Carbon on the Sorption and Desorption of Phenanthrene

Compositions and constituents of freshwater dissolved organic matter isolated by reverse osmosis

Sorption of Ionizable Organic Amines on Soil and Their Effects on Phenanthrene Sorption

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