Sound exposure-induced cytokine gene transcript profile changes in captive bottlenose dolphin (&lt;i&gt;Tursiops truncatus&lt;/i&gt;) blood identified by a probe-based qRT-PCR

Chen, I-Hua; Chou, Lien‐Siang; Chou, Shih-Jen; Wang, Jiann-Hsiung; Stott, Jeffrey L; Blanchard, M; Jen, I-Fan; Yang, Wei-Cheng

doi:10.1292/jvms.17-0548

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…So, the range of response measures could be profitably broadened, especially given the rapid advancement in genetic-sequencing technologies and reductions in processing costs (Connon et al 2018). It is increasingly possible to use methods such as restriction site-associated DNA sequencing to explore genotypic variation (Paris et al 2015), and transcriptomics to reveal the genetic effects of stressors (Pespeni et al 2013), as well as determine potential plasticity and evolutionary adaptability (Munday et al 2013); the use of these methods is in its infancy in anthropogenic-noise studies (see Chen et al 2018 for an example). Ultimately, though, a full understanding of population and ecosystem consequences will require consideration of impacts on individual fitness.…”

Section: State Of Knowledge With Respect To Anthropogenic Noisementioning

confidence: 99%

Causes and consequences of intraspecific variation in animal responses to anthropogenic noise

et al. 2019

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Anthropogenic noise is a recognized global pollutant, affecting a wide range of nonhuman animals. However, most research considers only whether noise pollution has an impact, ignoring that individuals within a species or population exhibit substantial variation in responses to stress. Here, we first outline how intrinsic characteristics (e.g., body size, condition, sex, and personality) and extrinsic factors (e.g., environmental context, repeated exposure, prior experience, and multiple stressors) can affect responses to environmental stressors. We then present the results of a systematic search of the anthropogenic-noise literature, identifying articles that investigated intraspecific variation in the responses of nonhuman animals to noise. This reveals that fewer than 10% of articles (51 of 589) examining impacts of noise test experimentally for intraspecific variation in responses; of those that do, more than 75% report significant effects. We assess these existing studies to determine the current scope of research and findings to-date, and to provide suggestions for good practice in the design, implementation, and reporting of robust experiments in this field. We close by explaining how understanding intraspecific variation in responses to anthropogenic noise is crucial for improving how we manage captive animals, monitor wild populations, model species responses, and mitigate effects of noise pollution on wildlife. Our aim is to stimulate greater knowledge and more effective management of the harmful consequences of this global pollutant.

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Section: State Of Knowledge With Respect To Anthropogenic Noisementioning

confidence: 99%

Causes and consequences of intraspecific variation in animal responses to anthropogenic noise

et al. 2019

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“…Previous studies in cetaceans and humans have indicated that compromised immune function may increase the susceptibility to parasites infestation (Siebert et al, 1999;Tourchin et al, 2002;Evering and Weiss, 2006). Therefore, our results imply that wild cetacean populations around Taiwanese waters may face a level of stress that could compromise their immune function (Chen et al, 2018;Marsili et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

“…Daily whalewatching activities of the coast of Taiwan might potentially represent a long-term source of harassment for cetaceans, and may cause chronic stress. In addition, anthropogenic noise has been proven to cause negative impacts in cetaceans, such as behavioral disturbance (e.g., decreased feeding and resting time), acoustic disturbance (e.g., permanent or temporary threshold shifts and acoustic masking), habitat abandonment, and stressrelated physiological pathology (Nowacek et al, 2007;Weilgart, 2007;Wright et al, 2007;Yang et al, 2008;Chen et al, 2018). Furthermore, vessel noise can cause chronic stress and modulate immune function in cetaceans (Rolland et al, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analyzing 13 Years of Cetacean Strandings: Multiple Stressors to Cetaceans in Taiwanese Waters and Their Implications for Conservation and Future Research

Chou

Chiou

et al. 2021

Front. Mar. Sci.

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This study summarizes the postmortem investigations of 73 cetaceans stranded on the coast of Taiwan between 2001 and 2013, including 51 Delphinidae, 17 Kogiidae, 3 Ziphiidae, 1 Physeteridae, and 1 Balaenopteridae. Of these, eight (11%) were categorized into direct human-related strandings, including fisheries interaction (bycatch), vessel collision and other anthropogenic-related pathology. Gastrointestinal foreign bodies were found in eight individuals (11%). Most of the bacteria isolated from stranded dolphins were zoonotic pathogens including extended-spectrum β-lactamases Escherichia coli, which indicates waste pollution from land. Severe parasite infestation was found in 36 of the cases (49%), which suggests that the immune function could be compromised. Thirty-eight cases (52%) were diagnosed with myocardial patchy fibrosis or dilated cardiomyopathy. The evidence shown here indicates that cetaceans around Taiwanese waters may suffer from multiple stressors. This study provides baseline data for the health assessment of cetacean populations in Taiwan, which may ultimately provide recommendations for future cetacean conservation and research throughout the western Pacific.

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“…Whole blood was collected from dolphins in serum-separating tube and anticoagulated tubes, and 500-µl EDTA-anticoagulated samples were preserved in 1.3 ml of RNAlater R (Ambion, Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA, United States) immediately for protecting cellular RNA in situ, and were stored at −20 • C until analysis. The RNA extraction, complementary DNA (cDNA) synthesis from messenger RNA, target gene choice, primer design and quantitative PCR were conducted as described previously (Chen et al, 2015(Chen et al, , 2018. Briefly, total RNA was extracted using RiboPure TM -Blood Kit (Ambion).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently it was demonstrated that the cytokine gene transcript profile in blood samples could change after low-frequency sound exposure (800-Hz pure-tone sound) in captive bottlenose dolphins identified by quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) (Chen et al, 2018). The selected target genes were representing the following activities: (I) pro-inflammatory cytokines and tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα)] (II) establishing [Interferon γ (IFNγ)], and suppressing (IL-4) the Th1 response (III) T cell activation (TAC) receptor (IL-2 receptor α subunit, IL-2Rα) and (IV) immunoregulatory/antiinflammatory features and Th2 response (IL-10).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anthropogenic Sound Exposure-Induced Stress in Captive Dolphins and Implications for Cetacean Health

et al. 2021

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Many cetaceans are exposed to increasing pressure caused by anthropogenic activities in their marine environment. Anthropogenic sound has been recognized as a possible stressor for cetaceans that may have impacts on health. However, the relationship between stress, hormones, and cytokines secretion in cetaceans is complex and not fully understood. Moreover, the effects of stress are often inconsistent because the character, intensity, and duration of the stressors are variable. For a better understanding of how anthropogenic sounds affect the psychophysiology of cetaceans, the present study compared the changes of cortisol concentration and cytokine gene transcriptions in blood samples and behaviors of captive bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) after sound exposures. The sound stimuli were 800 Hz pure-tone multiple impulsive sound for 30 min at three different sound levels (estimated mean received SPL: 0, 120, and 140 dB re 1 μPa) that likely cause no permanent and temporary hearing threshold shift in dolphins. Six cytokine genes (IL-2Rα, IL-4, IL-10, IL-12, TNF-α, and IFN-γ) were selected for analysis. Cortisol levels and IL-10 gene transcription increased and IFNγ/IL-10 ratio was lower after a 30-min high-level sound exposure, indicating the sound stimuli used in this study could be a stressor for cetaceans, although only minor behavior changes were observed. This study may shed light on the potential impact of pile driving-like sounds on the endocrine and immune systems in cetaceans and provide imperative information regarding sound exposure for free-ranging cetaceans.

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Sound exposure-induced cytokine gene transcript profile changes in captive bottlenose dolphin (<i>Tursiops truncatus</i>) blood identified by a probe-based qRT-PCR

Cited by 5 publications

References 31 publications

Causes and consequences of intraspecific variation in animal responses to anthropogenic noise

Causes and consequences of intraspecific variation in animal responses to anthropogenic noise

Analyzing 13 Years of Cetacean Strandings: Multiple Stressors to Cetaceans in Taiwanese Waters and Their Implications for Conservation and Future Research

Anthropogenic Sound Exposure-Induced Stress in Captive Dolphins and Implications for Cetacean Health

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