Sound Localization Strategies in Three Predators

Carr, Catherine E.; Christensen‐Dalsgaard, Jakob

doi:10.1159/000435946

Cited by 29 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 94 publications

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“…Motion plays a crucial role in predator-prey interactions. Predator and prey both use motion cues to detect each other using these to make decisions about when and how to strike or whether and how to escape (Carr and Christensen-Dalsgaard, 2015; Catania et al, 2008; Friedel et al, 2008; Zhao et al, 2019). Furthermore, prey animals also use motion cues from other prey as an indirect cue of a predator’s presence (Handegard et al, 2012; Hingee and Magrath, 2009; Pereira et al, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioral and neuronal underpinnings of safety in numbers in fruit flies

Ferreira

Moita

2019

Preprint

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13Living in a group allows individuals to decrease their defenses enabling other beneficial 14behaviors such as foraging. The detection of a threat through social cues is widely reported, 15however the safety cues that guide animals to break away from a defensive behavior and 16resume alternate activities remain elusive. Here we show that fruit flies displayed a graded 17 decrease in freezing behavior, triggered by an inescapable threat, with increasing group 18 sizes. Furthermore, flies used the cessation of movement of other flies as a cue of threat and 19 its resumption as a cue of safety. Finally, we found that lobula columnar neurons, LC11, 20 mediate the propensity for freezing flies to resume moving in response to the movement of 21 others. By identifying visual motion cues, and the neurons involved in their processing, as 22the basis of a social safety cue this study brings new insights into the neuronal basis of 23 safety in numbers. 24 25

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioral and neuronal underpinnings of safety in numbers in fruit flies

Ferreira

Moita

2019

Preprint

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“…But evolution by natural selection has solved biological analogues of the human cocktail party problem numerous times [3, 8]. Moreover, the sense of hearing had multiple evolutionary origins [48], and even within vertebrates, key auditory mechanisms have arisen multiple times independently and differ among lineages [49]. Consequently, there is almost certainly diversity in evolved solutions to cocktail-party-like problems.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frogs Exploit Statistical Regularities in Noisy Acoustic Scenes to Solve Cocktail-Party-like Problems

et al. 2017

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SUMMARY Noise is a ubiquitous source of errors in all forms of communication [1]. Noise-induced errors in speech communication, for example, make it difficult for humans to converse in noisy social settings, a challenge aptly named the “cocktail party problem” [2]. Many nonhuman animals also communicate acoustically in noisy social groups, and thus face biologically analogous problems [3]. However, we know little about how the perceptual systems of receivers are evolutionarily adapted to avoid the costs of noise-induced errors in communication. In this study of Cope’s gray treefrog (Hyla chrysoscelis; Hylidae), we investigated whether receivers exploit a potential statistical regularity present in noisy acoustic scenes to reduce errors in signal recognition and discrimination. We developed an anatomical/physiological model of the peripheral auditory system to show that temporal correlation in amplitude fluctuations across the frequency spectrum (“comodulation”) [4–6] is a feature of the noise generated by large breeding choruses of sexually advertising males. In four psychophysical experiments, we investigated whether females exploit comodulation in background noise to mitigate noise-induced errors in evolutionarily critical mate-choice decisions. Subjects experienced fewer errors in recognizing conspecific calls and in selecting the calls of high-quality mates in the presence of simulated chorus noise that was comodulated. These data show unequivocally, and for the first time, that exploiting statistical regularities present in noisy acoustic scenes is an important biological strategy for solving cocktail-party-like problems in nonhuman animal communication.

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“…They display a variety of mechanisms to enhance directional hearing that are also reflected in the organization of the first-order auditory nuclei. Lizards have middle ears that are coupled across the pharynx and thus are inherently directional [Christensen-Dalsgaard et al, 2011b], while recent archosaurs have less directional ears and well-developed binaural auditory nuclei devoted to sound localization [Carr and Christensen-Dalsgaard, 2015; Carr et al, 2016]. Turtles do not show notable adaptations for directional hearing.…”

Section: Directional Hearing In Modern Diapsidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of Sound Source Localization Circuits in the Nonmammalian Vertebrate Brainstem

Walton

Christensen‐Dalsgaard

Carr

2017

Brain Behav Evol

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The earliest vertebrate ears likely subserved a gravistatic function for orientation in the aquatic environment. However, in addition to detecting acceleration created by the animal's own movements, the otolithic end organs that detect linear acceleration would have responded to particle movement created by external sources. The potential to identify and localize these external sources may have been a major selection force in the evolution of the early vertebrate ear and in the processing of sound in the central nervous system. The intrinsic physiological polarization of sensory hair cells on the otolith organs confers sensitivity to the direction of stimulation, including the direction of particle motion at auditory frequencies. In extant fishes, afferents from otolithic end organs encode the axis of particle motion, which is conveyed to the dorsal regions of first-order octaval nuclei. This directional information is further enhanced by bilateral computations in the medulla and the auditory midbrain. We propose that similar direction-sensitive neurons were present in the early aquatic tetrapods and that selection for sound localization in air acted upon preexisting brain stem circuits like those in fishes. With movement onto land, the early tetrapods may have retained some sensitivity to particle motion, transduced by bone conduction, and later acquired new auditory papillae and tympanic hearing. Tympanic hearing arose in parallel within each of the major tetrapod lineages and would have led to increased sensitivity to a broader frequency range and to modification of the preexisting circuitry for sound source localization.

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Sound Localization Strategies in Three Predators

Cited by 29 publications

References 94 publications

Behavioral and neuronal underpinnings of safety in numbers in fruit flies

Behavioral and neuronal underpinnings of safety in numbers in fruit flies

Frogs Exploit Statistical Regularities in Noisy Acoustic Scenes to Solve Cocktail-Party-like Problems

Evolution of Sound Source Localization Circuits in the Nonmammalian Vertebrate Brainstem

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