Source apportionment of PM 2.5 pollution in an industrial city in southern China

Zou, Bei-Bing; Huang, Xiaofeng; Zhang, Bin; Dai, Jing; Zeng, Liangwei; Feng, Na; He, Lingyan

doi:10.1016/j.apr.2017.05.001

Cited by 40 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The temperature was in the range of 10.3-18.0 • C, and the surface pressure was in the range of 1009.1-1016.1 hPa. The low wind speed during this winter episode (~1.5 m/s) indicated that the atmosphere was stable, and as reported in previous studies, low or calm wind speed generally leads to high pollution [67,68], because stable atmospheric condition favours the accumulation of pollutants. There is another possibility that the existence of temperature inversion layer could also lead to the accumulation of the air pollutants (e.g., Malek et al, 2006 [69]).…”

Section: Air Quality During Pollution Episodessupporting

confidence: 80%

Impact of the ‘13th Five-Year Plan’ Policy on Air Quality in Pearl River Delta, China: A Case Study of Haizhu District in Guangzhou City Using WRF-Chem

Zhan

Wang

et al. 2020

Applied Sciences

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Due to increasingly stringent control policy, air quality has generally improved in major cities in China during the past decade. However, the standards of national regulation and the World Health Organization are yet to be fulfilled in certain areas (in some urban districts among the cities) and/or certain periods (during pollution episode event). A further control policy, hence, has been issued in the 13th Five-Year Plan (2016–2020, hereafter 13th FYP). It will be of interest to evaluate the air quality before the 13th FYP (2015) and to estimate the potential air quality by the end of the 13th FYP (2020) with a focus on the area of an urban district and the periods of severe pollution episodes. Based on observation data of major air pollutants, including SO2 (sulphur dioxide), NO2 (nitrogen dioxide), CO (carbon monoxide), PM10 (particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter equal to or less than 10 μm), PM2.5 (particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter equal to or less than 2.5 µm) and O3 (Ozone), the air quality of Haizhu district [an urban district in the Pearl River Delta (PRD), China] in 2015 suggested that typical heavy pollution occurred in winter and the hot season, with NO2 or PM2.5 as the key pollutants in winter and O3 as the key pollutant in the hot season. We also adopted a state-of-the-art chemical transport model, the Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with Chemistry (WRF-Chem), to predict the air quality in Haizhu District 2020 under different scenarios. The simulation results suggested that among the emission control scenarios, comprehensive measures taken in the whole of Guangzhou city would improve air quality more significantly than measures taken just in Haizhu, under all conditions. In the urban district, vehicle emission control would account more than half of the influence of all source emission control on air quality. Based on our simulation, by the end of the 13th FYP, it is noticeable that O3 pollution would increase, which indicates that the control ratio of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) may be unsuitable and therefore should be adjusted. Our study highlights the significance of evaluating the efficacy of current policy in reducing the air pollutants and recommends possible directions for further air pollution control for urban areas during the 13th FYP.

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Section: Air Quality During Pollution Episodessupporting

confidence: 80%

Impact of the ‘13th Five-Year Plan’ Policy on Air Quality in Pearl River Delta, China: A Case Study of Haizhu District in Guangzhou City Using WRF-Chem

Zhan

Wang

et al. 2020

Applied Sciences

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“…3.1. For example, although secondary sulfate was proven to be a typical regional pollutant in the PRD (X. F. Zou et al, 2017), the more polluted continental air mass in the winter monsoon made its concentrations in winter much higher than in summer. The semi-volatile secondary ammonium nitrate was also significantly affected by seasonal ambient temperatures.…”

Section: Spatiotemporal Variations In Sources In the Prdmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In recent years, the receptor model method (commonly, positive matrix factorization, PMF) in the PRD was applied to perform the source apportionment of PM 2.5 , which was carried out in several major cities, including Guangzhou (Gao et al, 2013;Liu et al, 2014;Wang et al, 2016), Shenzhen (X. F. , Dongguan Zou et al, 2017) and Foshan (Tan et al, 2016). However, the above source apportionment studies only focused on part of PM 2.5 (e.g., organic matter) or a single city in the PRD (e.g., Shenzhen and Dongguan), lacking the extensive representation of the PRD region in terms of simultaneous sampling in multiple cities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploration of PM<sub>2.5</sub> sources on the regional scale in the Pearl River Delta based on ME-2 modeling

Huang

Zou

et al. 2018

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. The Pearl River Delta (PRD) of China, which has a population of more than 58 million people, is one of the largest agglomerations of cities in the world and had severe PM 2.5 pollution at the beginning of this century. Due to the implementation of strong pollution control in recent decades, PM 2.5 in the PRD has continuously decreased to relatively lower levels in China. To comprehensively understand the current PM 2.5 sources in the PRD to support future air pollution control strategies in similar regions, we performed regional-scale PM 2.5 field observations coupled with a state-of-the-art source apportionment model at six sites in four seasons in 2015. The regional annual average PM 2.5 concentration based on the 4-month sampling was determined to be 37 µg m −3 , which is still more than 3 times the WHO standard, with organic matter (36.9 %) and SO 2− 4 (23.6 %) as the most abundant species. A novel multilinear engine (ME-2) model was first applied to a comprehensive PM 2.5 chemical dataset to perform source apportionment with predetermined constraints, producing more environmentally meaningful results compared to those obtained using traditional positive matrix factorization (PMF) modeling. The regional annual average PM 2.5 source structure in the PRD was retrieved to be secondary sulfate (21 %), vehicle emissions (14 %), industrial emissions (13 %), secondary nitrate (11 %), biomass burning (11 %), secondary organic aerosol (SOA, 7 %), coal burning (6 %), fugitive dust (5 %), ship emissions (3 %) and aged sea salt (2 %). Analyzing the spatial distribution of PM 2.5 sources under different weather conditions clearly identified the central PRD area as the key emission area for SO 2 , NO x , coal burning, biomass burning, industrial emissions and vehicle emissions. It was further estimated that under the polluted northerly air flow in winter, local emissions in the central PRD area accounted for approximately 45 % of the total PM 2.5 , with secondary nitrate and biomass burning being most abundant; in contrast, the regional transport from outside the PRD accounted for more than half of PM 2.5 , with secondary sulfate representing the most abundant transported species.

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“…Biomass burning, coal burning, and external source were the three least important sources, accounting for 4%, 4%, and 3%. After 2013, secondary source (22%) and traffic (20%) were still the two foremost pollution sources [61,[123][124][125][126][127][128][129]. The proportion of industrial factors (13%) was the same as coal burning, and remained constant.…”

Section: Major Source Of Haze Pm In Different Regionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research Progress of HP Characteristics, Hazards, Control Technologies, and Measures in China after 2013

Wei

Wang

2019

Atmosphere

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In recent years, hazy weather (hazy weather (HW) has frequently invaded peoples’ lives in China, resulting in the disturbance of social operation, so it is urgent to resolve the haze pollution (HP) problem. A comprehensive understanding of HP is essential to further effectively alleviate or even eliminate it. In this study, HP characteristics in China, after 2013, were presented. It was found that the situation of HP is getting better year by year while it has been a pattern of high levels in the north and low levels in the south. In most regions of China, the contribution of a secondary source for HP is relatively large, and that of traffic is greater in the regions with rapid economic development. Hazards of HP were then summarized. Not only does HP cause harm to human health, but it also has effects on human production and quality of life, furthermore, property and atmospheric environment cannot be ignored. Next, the source and non-source control technologies of HP were first reviewed to recognize the weakness of HP control in China. This review provides more systematic information about HP problems and the future development directions of HP research were proposed to further effectively control HP in China.

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Source apportionment of PM 2.5 pollution in an industrial city in southern China

Cited by 40 publications

References 28 publications

Impact of the ‘13th Five-Year Plan’ Policy on Air Quality in Pearl River Delta, China: A Case Study of Haizhu District in Guangzhou City Using WRF-Chem

Impact of the ‘13th Five-Year Plan’ Policy on Air Quality in Pearl River Delta, China: A Case Study of Haizhu District in Guangzhou City Using WRF-Chem

Exploration of PM<sub>2.5</sub> sources on the regional scale in the Pearl River Delta based on ME-2 modeling

Research Progress of HP Characteristics, Hazards, Control Technologies, and Measures in China after 2013

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Source apportionment of PM 2.5 pollution in an industrial city in southern China

Cited by 40 publications

References 28 publications

Impact of the ‘13th Five-Year Plan’ Policy on Air Quality in Pearl River Delta, China: A Case Study of Haizhu District in Guangzhou City Using WRF-Chem

Impact of the ‘13th Five-Year Plan’ Policy on Air Quality in Pearl River Delta, China: A Case Study of Haizhu District in Guangzhou City Using WRF-Chem

Exploration of PM&lt;sub&gt;2.5&lt;/sub&gt; sources on the regional scale in the Pearl River Delta based on ME-2 modeling

Research Progress of HP Characteristics, Hazards, Control Technologies, and Measures in China after 2013

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Exploration of PM<sub>2.5</sub> sources on the regional scale in the Pearl River Delta based on ME-2 modeling