Source, Extraction, Characterization, and Applications of Novel Antioxidants from Seaweed

Jacobsen, Charlotte; Sørensen, Ann‐Dorit Moltke; Holdt, Susan Løvstad; Akoh, Casimir C.; Hermund, Ditte Baun

doi:10.1146/annurev-food-032818-121401

Cited by 106 publications

(121 citation statements)

References 132 publications

(133 reference statements)

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“…Seaweeds have antioxidant properties due to the presence of phenols, carotenoid fucoxanthin, tannins and phlorotannins, polysaccharides (fucoidans and laminarans in brown seaweeds; ulvans in green seaweeds and carrageenans, porphyrin and agar in red seaweeds) [113]. The highest concentrations of phenols and phlorotannins have been observed in brown seaweed, up to 12-14% DM in Ascophhyllum nodosum, Fucus spp.…”

Section: Influence On Antioxidant Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seaweeds in Pig Nutrition

Corino

Modina

Giancamillo

et al. 2019

Animals

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Simple Summary: In pig nutrition, alternative and safe supplements are needed to enhance the pigs' health and welfare. Natural feed components, such as herbs and plant extracts, are of great importance in animal nutrition, and marine macroalgae can be considered as supplements positively influence animal health parameters. Seaweeds possess several bioactive molecules that are studied for their prebiotic, anti-microbial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. Seaweed benefits are related to their content of sulfated polysaccharides, phlorotannins, diterpenes, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, minerals and vitamins. This paper reviews the following biological functions of seaweeds and seaweed extracts in pig nutrition: prebiotics, anti-microbial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects, promoting intestinal well-being and improving digestibility.Abstract: Seaweeds are macroalgae, with different sizes, colors and composition. They consist of brown algae, red algae and green algae, which all have a different chemical composition and bioactive molecule content. The polysaccharides, laminarin and fucoidan are commonly present in brown seaweeds, ulvans are found in green seaweeds and, red algae contain a large amount of carrageenans. These bioactive compounds may have several positive effects on health in livestock. In order to reduce the antimicrobials used in livestock, research has recently focused on finding natural and sustainable molecules that boost animal performance and health. The present study thus summarizes research on the dietary integration of seaweeds in swine. In particular the influence on growth performance, nutrients digestibility, prebiotic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory activities were considered. The review highlights that brown seaweeds seem to be a promising dietary intervention in pigs in order to boost the immune system, antioxidant status and gut health. Data on the use of green seaweeds as a dietary supplementation seems to be lacking at present and merit further investigation.(Bacillariophyceae), green algae (Chlorophyceae) and golden algae (Chrysophyceae) are the most abundant but blue-green algae (Cyanophyceae) are also defined as microalgae [2]. The bioactive molecules of microalgae are used as food and feed supplements [3].Seaweeds are marine organisms and comprise thousands of species, which are classified on the basis of their pigmentation: brown seaweeds (Phaeophyceae), red seaweeds (Rhodophyceae) and green seaweeds (Chlorophyceae).There are around 1800 species of brown seaweeds include, only 1% of which are recognized from freshwater and the size range varies from 20 m to 30 cm long. The brown color of these algae is related to the main content of carotenoid fucoxanthin, which masks β-carotene, violaxanthin, diatoxanthin, and chlorophyll. The main polysaccharides are laminarin, fucoidans and alginates, and the cell walls are composed of cellulose and alginic acid [4].Like brown seaweeds, red algae (about 6100 specie...

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Section: Influence On Antioxidant Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seaweeds in Pig Nutrition

Corino

Modina

Giancamillo

et al. 2019

Animals

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“…Particularly, numerous brown seaweed crude extracts (acetonic, aqueous, methanolic, and ethanolic) have shown to possess antioxidant [15,16] and antidiabetic (e.g., α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition) activities [14,[17][18][19]. ese activities are related to the presence of phenolic compounds, phlorotannins, pigments, tocopherols, polysaccharides, fatty acids, and peptides in the seaweed extracts [15,[20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28]. e main compounds reported as potent α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitors are as follows: phloroglucinol derivatives such as dieckol, 8,8′-bieckol, phlorofucofuroeckol, fucophloroethol, and phlorotannins with low PGU [23,25,[29][30][31], fucoidan [3,32,33], and oleic, linoleic, and eicosapentaenoic acids [24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, the major compounds contributing to overall antioxidant activity in seaweed are phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, the latter alone or associated with other components such as polyphenols, amino acid, protein, lipids, and nucleic acids residues, and sometimes polysaccharide conjugates [28,34]. Hence, TPC and polysaccharides, in combination with in vitro antioxidant assays, are typically used to screen for seaweed antioxidant activity [34][35][36].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutraceutical Potential of Five Mexican Brown Seaweeds

Garza

Tapia‐Salazar

Maldonado-Muñiz

et al. 2019

BioMed Research International

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In search of pharmaceutically active products to control type 2 diabetes, five brown seaweeds (Silvetia compressa, Cystoseira osmundacea, Ecklonia arborea, Pterygophora californica, and Egregia menziesii) from the Northwest Mexican Pacific coast were investigated. Proximate composition and total polyphenol content (TPC) as phloroglucinol equivalents (PGE) were determined for the five seaweed powders and their respective hydroethanolic (1 : 1) extracts. Extracts were screened for their radical scavenging activity (DPPH and ORAC) and glycosidase inhibitory activity. HPLC-DAD, HPLC-MS-TOF, and ATR-FT-IR methodologies were used to identify the most abundant phlorotannins and sulfated polysaccharides in the extracts. Hydroethanolic extracts contained minerals (17 to 59% of the dry matter), proteins (4 to 9%), ethanol-insoluble polysaccharides (5.4 to 53%), nitrogen-free extract (NFE) (24.4 to 70.1%), lipids (5 to 12%), and TPC (2.6 to 47.7 g PGE per 100 g dry extract). S. compressa and E. arborea dry extracts presented the lowest ash content (26 and 17%, respectively) and had some of the highest phenolic (47.7 and 15.2 g PGE per 100 g extract), NFE (57.3 and 70.1%), and soluble polysaccharide (19.7 and 53%) contents. S. compressa and E. arborea extracts had the highest antioxidant activity (IC50 DPPH 1.7 and 3.7 mg mL−1; ORAC 0.817 and 0.801 mmol Trolox equivalent/g extract) and the highest α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory capacities (IC50 940 and 1152 μg mL−1 against α-amylase and 194 and 647 μg mL−1 against α-glucosidase). The most abundant phlorotannins identified in the extracts were phloretol, fucophloroethol, and two- and three-phloroglucinol unit (PGU) phlorotannins. Laminarin, fucoidan, and alginate were among the sulfated polysaccharides identified in the extracts. The bioactivities of S. compressa and E. arborea extracts were mainly related with their contents of three PGU phlorotannins and sulfated polysaccharides (e.g., fucoidan, laminarin, and alginate). These results suggest S. compressa and E. arborea are potential candidates for food products and nutraceutical and pharmaceutical preparations, and as additives for diabetes management.

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“…Walsh, et al (398) reported osteogenic potential of brown seaweeds Laminaria digitata and Ascophyllum nodosum. Seaweed contains several compounds with antioxidant properties (phlorotannins, pigments, tocopherols, flavonoids, polyphenols and polysaccharides) [399]. Antioxidant properties of Fucus vesiculosus and Ascophyllum nodosum (due to phlorotannins) [399], Turbinaria conoides (2H-pyranoids) [400], Ulva clathrate (phenolics and flavonoid contents) [401], Bifurcaria bifurcate ( Figure 21) (diterpenes eleganolone and eleganonal) [402], Cystoseira spp.…”

Section: Other Health Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seaweeds: An Extensive Review of Medicinal Values

Mohiuddin¹

2019

APCT

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The global economic impact of the five leading chronic diseases-cancer, diabetes, mental illness, CVD, and respiratory disease-could reach $47 trillion over the next 20 years, according to a study by the World Economic Forum (WEF). According to the WHO, 80% of the world's population primarily those of developing countries rely on plant-derived medicines for the healthcare. The purported efficacies of seaweed derived phytochemicals showing great potential in obesity, T2DM, metabolic syndrome, CVD, IBD, sexual dysfunction and some cancers. Therefore, WHO, UN-FAO, UNICEF and governments have shown a growing interest in this unconventional food with health-promoting effects. Edible marine macro-algae (seaweed) are of interest because of their value in nutrition and medicine. Seaweeds contain several bioactive substances like polysaccharides, proteins, lipids, polyphenols, and pigments, all of which may have beneficial health properties. People consume seaweed as food in various forms: raw as salad and vegetable, pickle with sauce or with vinegar, relish or sweetened jellies and also cooked for vegetable soup. By cultivating seaweed, coastal people are getting an alternative livelihood as well as advancing their lives. In 2005, world seaweed production was totaled 14.7 million tons which more than double (30.4 million tons) in 2015. The present market value is nearly $6.5 billion and projected to reach some $9 billion seaweed global market by 2024. Aquaculture is recognized as the most sustainable means of seaweed production and accounts for approximately 27.3 million tons (more than 90%) of global seaweed production per annum. Asian countries produced 80% for world markets where China alone produces half of the total demand. The top six seaweed producing countries are China,

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Source, Extraction, Characterization, and Applications of Novel Antioxidants from Seaweed

Cited by 106 publications

References 132 publications

Seaweeds in Pig Nutrition

Seaweeds in Pig Nutrition

Nutraceutical Potential of Five Mexican Brown Seaweeds

Seaweeds: An Extensive Review of Medicinal Values

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