Source vulnerability mapping in carbonate (karst) aquifers by extension of the COP method: application to pilot sites

Andreo, Bartolomé; Ravbar, Nataša; Vías, Jesús

doi:10.1007/s10040-008-0391-1

Cited by 71 publications

(48 citation statements)

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“…In particular research related with the assessment of the vulnerability of aquifers have broadened our knowledge on the substances and processes that threaten groundwater resources (e.g., Zwahlen, 2004;Andreo et al, 2009;Vias et al, 2010). Flows of water and gas provide the transport link between surface and subsurface.…”

Section: How Do Surface Conditions Like Land Use and Events And Locmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Deep Can Surface Signals Be Traced in the Critical Zone? Merging Biodiversity with Biogeochemistry Research in a Central German Muschelkalk Landscape

et al. 2016

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The Earth's Critical Zone (CZ) is a thin living layer connecting atmosphere and geosphere, including aquifers. Humans live in the CZ and benefit from the vital supporting services it provides. However, the CZ is increasingly impacted by human activities including land and resource use, pollution, and climate change. Recent interest in uniting the many disciplines studying this complex domain has initiated an international network of research infrastructure platforms that allow access to the CZ in a range of geologic settings. In this paper a new such infrastructure platform associated with the Collaborative Research Center AquaDiva is described, that uniquely seeks to combine CZ research with detailed investigation of the functional biodiversity of the subsurface. Overall, AquaDiva aims to test hypotheses about how water connects surface conditions set by land cover and land management to the biota and biogeochemical functions in the subsurface. With long-term and continuous observations, hypotheses about how seasonal variations and extreme events at the surface impact subsurface processes, community structure and function are tested. AquaDiva has established the Hainich Critical Zone Exploratory (CZE) in central Germany in an alkaline geological setting of German Triassic Muschelkalk formations. The Hainich CZE includes specialized monitoring wells to access the vadose zone and two main groundwater complexes in limestone and marlstone parent materials along a ∼6 km transect spanning forest, pasture, and agricultural land uses. Initial results demonstrate fundamental differences in the biota and biogeochemistry of the two aquifer complexes that trace back to the land uses in their respective recharge areas. They also show the importance of antecedent conditions on the impact of precipitation events on responses in terms of groundwater dynamics, chemistry and ecology. Thus, we find signals of surface land use and events can be detected in the subsurface CZ. Future research will expand to a second CZE in contrasting siliciclastic parent rock, to evaluate the relative importance of parent material lithology vs. surface conditions for the emergent characteristics of the subsurface CZ Küsel et al.Tracing Surface Signals into Subsurface and biodiversity. The Hainich CZE is open to researchers who bring new questions that the research platform can help answer.

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Section: How Do Surface Conditions Like Land Use and Events And Locmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Deep Can Surface Signals Be Traced in the Critical Zone? Merging Biodiversity with Biogeochemistry Research in a Central German Muschelkalk Landscape

et al. 2016

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“…While many studies identify N and DOC as source of contamination in karst systems (Einsiedl et al, 2005;Jost et al, 2010;Katz et al, 2001Katz et al, , 2004Tissier et al, 2013) or provide static vulnerability maps (Andreo et al, 2008;Doerfliger et al, 1999), only very few studies use models to quantify the temporal behaviour of a contamination through the systems (Butscher and Huggenberger, 2008). Some studies use N and DOC to better understand karst processes (Charlier et al, 2012;Mahler and Garner, 2009;Pinault et al, 2001) or for advanced karst model calibration (Hartmann et al, 2013b(Hartmann et al, , 2014b, but to our knowledge there are no applications of such approaches to quantify the drainage processes of N and DOC, and particularly so after strong impacts on ecosystems (e.g.…”

Section: A Hartmann Et Al: Model-aided Quantification Of Dissolved mentioning

confidence: 99%

Model-aided quantification of dissolved carbon and nitrogen release after windthrow disturbance in an Austrian karst system

et al. 2016

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Abstract. Karst systems are important for drinking water supply. Future climate projections indicate increasing temperature and a higher frequency of strong weather events. Both will influence the availability and quality of water provided from karst regions. Forest disturbances such as windthrow can disrupt ecosystem cycles and cause pronounced nutrient losses from the ecosystems. In this study, we consider the time period before and after the wind disturbance period (2007/08) to identify impacts on DIN (dissolved inorganic nitrogen) and DOC (dissolved organic carbon) with a process-based flow and solute transport simulation model. When calibrated and validated before the disturbance, the model disregards the forest disturbance and its consequences on DIN and DOC production and leaching. It can therefore be used as a baseline for the undisturbed system and as a tool for the quantification of additional nutrient production. Our results indicate that the forest disturbance by windthrow results in a significant increase of DIN production lasting ∼ 3.7 years and exceeding the pre-disturbance average by 2.7 kg ha −1 a −1 corresponding to an increase of 53 %. There were no significant changes in DOC concentrations. With simulated transit time distributions we show that the impact on DIN travels through the hydrological system within some months. However, a small fraction of the system outflow (< 5 %) exceeds mean transit times of > 1 year.

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“…The procedure, classification, and scoring of the variables used to evaluate vulnerability according to the COP+K method are shown in Fig. 5 and explained in detail by Vías et al (2006) and Andreo et al (2009).…”

Section: Application Of the Cop+k Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this study, the COP+K method (Vías et al, 2006;Andreo et al, 2009) was applied. This method was originally developed to evaluate contamination vulnerability and to delineate protection areas for water supply springs or wells in carbonate (karst) aquifers.…”

Section: Application Of the Cop+k Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, according to the Slovene approach (Ravbar and Goldscheider, 2007) vulnerability is high only when the K value is 1; in areas where the transit time is less than 1 day, there is clear evidence of an active karst network and the contribution rate is .10%. However, for a given source, according to the methodology proposed by Andreo et al (2009), values of 1 to 3 indicate high vulnerability to contamination. Many carbonate aquifers present good permeability as a result of the development of conduits enabling rapid flow velocities and direct connections.…”

Section: Delineating Protection Areas For Caves Using Contamination Vmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Delineating protection areas for caves using contamination vulnerability mapping techniques: the case of Herrerıas Cave, Asturias, Spain

Marín¹,

Andreo²,

Jimenez-Sanchez³

et al. 2012

JCKS

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Diverse approaches are adopted for cave protection. One approach is delineating protection areas with regard to their vulnerability to contamination. This paper reports the main results obtained from the delineation of a protection zone for Herrerías Cave, declared of Cultural Interest by the Asturias Regional Government, based on assessing its vulnerability to contamination. The cave is situated in a complex karst hydrogeologic environment in which groundwater flows from southwest to northeast, following the bedrock structure. A stream flows inside the cave, emerging in a spring located to the northeast of the system. Karst recharge occurs by direct infiltration of rainfall over limestone outcrops, concentrated infiltration of surface runoff in the watershed draining the cave, and deferred infiltration of water from alluvial beds drained by influent streams. The soil and vegetation covers are natural in the majority of the test site, but land uses in the watershed, including scattered farming, stock breeding, quarrying, and tourist use, are changing the natural characteristics and increasing the cave's vulnerability to contamination. The procedure followed for delineating protection zones is based on the method COP+K that is specifically designed for vulnerability mapping of groundwater springs in carbonate aquifers. To cover the hydrological basin included in the cave's catchment area, the protection zones established includes two different areas, the hydrogeological catchment basin and adjacent land that contributes runoff. Different degrees of protection in the zones have been proposed to make human activity compatible with conservation of the cave, and our results show remarkable differences from the protection zone previously proposed for the same area.

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Source vulnerability mapping in carbonate (karst) aquifers by extension of the COP method: application to pilot sites

Cited by 71 publications

References 10 publications

How Deep Can Surface Signals Be Traced in the Critical Zone? Merging Biodiversity with Biogeochemistry Research in a Central German Muschelkalk Landscape

How Deep Can Surface Signals Be Traced in the Critical Zone? Merging Biodiversity with Biogeochemistry Research in a Central German Muschelkalk Landscape

Model-aided quantification of dissolved carbon and nitrogen release after windthrow disturbance in an Austrian karst system

Delineating protection areas for caves using contamination vulnerability mapping techniques: the case of Herrerıas Cave, Asturias, Spain

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