Source Water Protection: Microbiology of Source Water

Berger, Paul S.; Oshiro, Robin K.

doi:10.1002/0471263397.env093

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 104 publications

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“…Meanwhile, all the samples collected were odourless, colourless, and registered with NAFDAC. Bacterial occurrence was recorded in all the sachet-water samples and the TVC for some were higher than what is acceptable for drinking water (1.0 x 10 1 cfu/ml) [20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

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Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns of Bacteria Isolated from Sachet-packaged Water Sold in Uyo Metropolis, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria

Umoessien¹,

Antia²,

Christopher³

et al. 2019

IJPR

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Aims: This study was aimed at determining the antibiotic susceptibility patterns of bacteria isolated from sachet water sold in Uyo metropolis, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. Study Design: Sachet water was randomly sampled in Uyo Metropolis. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Microbiology, Akwa Ibom State University, Nigeria, between June and November 2018. Methodology: Six different brands of sachets water sold and consumed in Uyo metropolis were studied for their physical and microbiological qualities. Thirty (30) sachets water from the six (6) different brands respectively, were serially diluted and cultured on Nutrient agar, Eosin Methylene Blue agar, MacConkey agar and Salmonella-Shigella agar, while Muller Hinton agar was used for sensitivity test. Suspensions of purified isolates were standardized with 0.5 McFarland turbidity standard and were subjected to antibiotics susceptibility testing using Agar Diffusion method. Results: The bacterial counts obtained ranged from 2.0 x 101 cfu/ml to 1.34 x 102 cfu/ml. Species isolated from the samples analysed included: Klebsiella sp., Escherichia sp., Staphylococcus sp., Salmonella sp., Pseudomonas sp., Citrobacter sp., Bacillus sp. Bacillus sp. Was susceptible to all the antibiotics tested against it except streptomycin while Staphylococcus sp was resistant to gentamicine and ampiclox but susceptible to other antibiotics. All the gram negative isolates were susceptible to tarivia and peflacine but completely resistant to nalidixic acid. Klebsiella sp. was most resistant (70%) of all the isolates, these was closely followed bt Escherichia sp. and Salmonella sp. at 60% resistance. Some of the sachet water brands from bacteriological standpoints did not meet the World Health Organization Standard for portable water. Conclusion: This study indicted sub-standard packaged waters as a vehicle for the spread of antibiotic resistant bacterial pathogens, and this poses a high risk to public health. Hence, routine monitoring of producers of sachet water should been enforced.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…maybe that some of the water were prepared from shallow and contaminated boreholes. Most of these bacteria are indigenous to aquatic environments [20]. The occurrence of Salmonella in the water samples could be as a result is also as a result of contaminated water and improper treatment; Pseudomonas sp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns of Bacteria Isolated from Sachet-packaged Water Sold in Uyo Metropolis, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria

Umoessien¹,

Antia²,

Christopher³

et al. 2019

IJPR

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“…Three groups of bacteriophages have been considered as indicators: somatic coliphages, male-specific RNA coliphages (FRNA phages/F+ coliphages) and phages infecting Bacteroides fragilis (Leclerc et al, 2000;Berger and Oshiro, 2002). The somatic coliphages infect mostly E. coli, although some can infect other enterobacteriaceae.…”

Section: Microbial Indicators In Wastewatermentioning

confidence: 99%

Pollution Indicators and Pathogenic Microorganisms in Wastewater Treatment: Implication on Receiving Water Bodies

Olaolu

Akpor

Akor

2014

IJEPP

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There is the indication that human deaths as a result of water-borne diseases exceed five million people per year, with over half of the diseases being microbial intestinal infections, especially cholera and diarrhea. A number of pathogenic microorganisms, regarded as water pollution indicators have been observed as the agents of such. These water pollution indicators are present in feces, sewage and can survive as long as pathogenic organisms. These pathogenic microorganisms cause several waterborne infections and diseases like bacterial (cholera, salmonellosis, shigellosis and several diseases associated with pathogenic strains of E. coli), viral (ranging from a mild febrile illness to myocarditis, meningoencephalitis, poliomyelitis, herpangina, hand-foot-and mouth disease and neonatal multi-organ failure), protozoan (cryptosporidiosis, diarrhea encaphilitis, giardiasis, amoebiasis) and fungal (candidiasis, blastomycosis, cryptococcusis, aspergilosis). These biological contaminants that cause several water-borne diseases can however be removed from water through physical (ultraviolet radiation, solar radiation and boiling) and chemical disinfection methods (chlorination, chloramination and ozonation). The aim of this paper was to review the microbial indicators and pathogenic microorganisms in water and wastewater. The paper also discussed the treatment strategies for microbial-contaminated water and wastewaters.

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“…E. coli is also one of the standard indicator organisms for faecal pollution in environmental water [14]. Animal faeces can also contain pathogens like E. coli O157 and Salmonella species which can cause infection in humans [15]. This study was designed to determine the presence of gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas species and Escherichia coli) at different points from the flow of abattoir effluents in Bodija market in Ibadan North Local Government Area of Oyo State into a receiving river as well as determine their susceptibility to selected antibiotics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiogram of <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Pseudomonas</i> Strains Isolated from Wastewater Generated by an Abattoir as It Journeys into a Receiving River

Falodun¹,

Adekanmbi²

2016

AiM

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Untreated wastewater from abattoir operations contains nutrients and other components that aid the growth of microorganisms especially bacteria. They also serve as a habitat for potentially pathogenic bacteria which might be a source of public health concern. The study was carried out to determine the antibiotics susceptibility profile of Gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli) to selected antibiotics. Wastewater samples were collected from ten different sampling points and cultured on Eosin Methylene Blue (EMB) and King's B medium. The bacterial strains obtained from the wastewater samples were subjected to antibiotics susceptibility tests, using the disc diffusion technique. A total of 60 Pseudomonas and 100 Escherichia coli were isolated out of which none of the Pseudomonas strains showed resistance to imipenem, colistin sulphate, meropenem and aztreonam, while 100% resistance was observed to ceftazidime and piperacillin. All the Escherichia coli strains were resistant to oxacillin and ceftazidime, while the percentage resistance to aztreonam, ertapenem, cefoxitin and tetracyline was 6%, 11%, 43% and 58% respectively. Eighty-five percent (85%) of the total Escherichia coli showed resistance to more than two antibiotics, while 14% showed resistance to ceftazidime and oxacillin, with only one isolate showing resistance to ceftazidime and cefoxitin. There is the need for an effective treatment of wastewater generated from abattoir operations to prevent the potential spread and transmission of antibiotic resistant bacteria to the human population who depends heavily on some of the water bodies, receiving input from abattoir wastes.

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Source Water Protection: Microbiology of Source Water

Abstract: Pathogen Sources Factors Affecting the Transport of Fecal Pathogens to Surface Water Environmental Factors in Pathogen Survival in Ambient Waters Pathogen Occurrence in Surface Waters Groundwater Indicators of Source Water Quality Nonmicro… Show more

Cited by 9 publications

References 104 publications

Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns of Bacteria Isolated from Sachet-packaged Water Sold in Uyo Metropolis, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria

Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns of Bacteria Isolated from Sachet-packaged Water Sold in Uyo Metropolis, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria

Pollution Indicators and Pathogenic Microorganisms in Wastewater Treatment: Implication on Receiving Water Bodies

Antibiogram of <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Pseudomonas</i> Strains Isolated from Wastewater Generated by an Abattoir as It Journeys into a Receiving River

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Source Water Protection: Microbiology of Source Water

Abstract: Pathogen Sources Factors Affecting the Transport of Fecal Pathogens to Surface Water Environmental Factors in Pathogen Survival in Ambient Waters Pathogen Occurrence in Surface Waters Groundwater Indicators of Source Water Quality Nonmicro… Show more

Cited by 9 publications

References 104 publications

Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns of Bacteria Isolated from Sachet-packaged Water Sold in Uyo Metropolis, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria

Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns of Bacteria Isolated from Sachet-packaged Water Sold in Uyo Metropolis, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria

Pollution Indicators and Pathogenic Microorganisms in Wastewater Treatment: Implication on Receiving Water Bodies

Antibiogram of &lt;i&gt;Escherichia coli&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Pseudomonas&lt;/i&gt; Strains Isolated from Wastewater Generated by an Abattoir as It Journeys into a Receiving River

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Antibiogram of <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Pseudomonas</i> Strains Isolated from Wastewater Generated by an Abattoir as It Journeys into a Receiving River