Sources of fish and prawn growth in polyculture ponds as indicated by δC analysis

Schroeder, Gerald L.

doi:10.1016/0044-8486(83)90068-6

Cited by 88 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The gut contents of common carp in PBF tanks clearly suggested that common carp preferred artificial feed to benthic macroinvertebrates, followed by zooplankton. This result agrees in part with Spataru et al (1980) and Schroeder (1983), who observed that common carp naturally depend on plankton and benthic macroinvertebrates but when artificial feed is applied, they will readily accept artificial feed.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) alters its feeding niche in response to changing food resources: direct observations in simulated ponds

Rahman

Kadowaki

Balcombe

et al. 2009

Ecological Research

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We used customized fish tanks as model fish ponds to observe grazing, swimming, and conspecific social behavior of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) under variable food-resource conditions to assess alterations in feeding niche. Different food and feeding situations were created by using only pond water or pond water plus pond bottom sediment or pond water plus pond bottom sediment and artificial feeding. All tanks were fertilized twice, prior to stocking and 2 weeks later after starting the experiment to stimulate natural food production. Common carp preferred artificial feed over benthic macroinvertebrates, followed by zooplankton. Common carp did not prefer any group of phytoplankton in any treatment. Common carp was mainly benthic in habitat choice, feeding on benthic macroinvertebrates when only plankton and benthic macroinvertebrates were available in the system. In the absence of benthic macroinvertebrates, their feeding niche shifted from near the bottom of the tanks to the water column where they spent 85% of the total time and fed principally on zooplankton. Common carp readily switched to artificial feed when available, which led to better growth. Common carp preferred to graze individually. Behavioral observations of common carp in tanks yielded new information that assists our understanding of their ecological niche. This knowledge could be potentially used to further the development of common carp aquaculture.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) alters its feeding niche in response to changing food resources: direct observations in simulated ponds

Rahman

Kadowaki

Balcombe

et al. 2009

Ecological Research

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“…A quantidade de ração fornecida aos camarões foi proporcional à biomassa de cada viveiro. No entanto, existem fortes indícios de que M. rosenbergii depende fundamentalmente do alimento natural presente nos viveiros (SCHROEDER, 1983;SANDIFER & SMITH, 1985, V ALENTI, 1990. Sendo verdadeira esta afirmativa haveria um aumento na competição por alimento com a elevação da densidade de estocagem independentemente da quantidade de ração administrada.…”

Section: -~--------------------------------------------------unclassified

Efeito da densidade populacional sobre as curvas de crescimento de Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man) em cultivo semi-intensivo (Crustacea, Palaemonidae)

1993

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. TH E EFFECT OF STOCKING DENSITY ON MACROBRACHIUM ROSENBERG II (D E MAN) GROWTH CURVES lN EARTHEN PONDS (CRUSTACEA, PALAEMONIDAE). ln this artic\e the length growth curves of Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man, 1879) held in different population densities were analysed. Postlarvae prawns were stocked into five 0,02 ha earthen ponds at densities of 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20 ind./m 2 during six months. Forthnightly, the mean total length of animaIs from each pond were obtained by means of random samples. For each population the length growth curves and the instantaneous growth rate expressions were determined. The growth rate and the asymptotic maximum length decreased with the stocking density raised. This effect is greater when the density ranges in low leveIs. The growth decrease can be due to intraspecific competition for life resources and to negative interactions between individuaIs, as aggressive or social behavior, that increase with the increase prawns density. KEY WORDS. Crustacea, Palaemonidae, Macrobrachium rosenbergiJ, ecologyMacrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man, 1879) é conhecido popularmente como camarão da Malásia, gigante da Malásia ou camarão de água doce. Diversos estudos referentes a aspectos de sua biologia foram realizados nas três últimas décadas tornando-se possível e viável economicamente seu cultivo em larga escala. Atualmente, esta é a espécie de camarão de água doce mais utilizada em projetos de carcinicultura em todo o mundo, sendo a única cultivada no Brasil com fms comerciais (VALENTI, no prelo).O crescimento é um dos aspectos do desenvolvimento de um animal e pode ser expresso como o aumento em comprimento, volume ou peso ao longo do tempo (NIKOLSKII, 1969;HARTNOLL, 1982). Resulta de um balanço entre os processos de anabolismo e catabolismo que ocorrem no indivíduo (VONBERTALANFFY, 1938). 1) Trabalho financiado pela FAPESP.

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“…The analyses focused on natural food; in fact, cultured carp bases the substantial part of its growth on natural foods (Schroeder 1983;IUCN 1997). Macrophyte food and detritus masticated and crushed by carp pharyngeal teeth were largely inseparable and difficult to assess quantitatively.…”

Section: Carp Dietsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential effects of age-structured common carp (Cyprinus carpio) stocks on pond invertebrate communities: implications for recreational and wildlife use of farm ponds

Kloskowski¹

2011

Aquacult Int

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Sustainable development of common carp Cyprinus carpio pond fisheries in Europe postulates their multifunctional use, integrating exploitation of aquaculture resources with recreational services and maintenance of high levels of local biodiversity. Age classes of farmed carp are grown separately and pond ecosystems may be differently affected by different ontogenetic stages of fish. To examine these relationships, a study was conducted on spring and summer diet of carp, invertebrate abundance and community structure, and water quality characteristics in ponds stocked with three carp age classes in SE Poland. With the exception of young-of-the-year fish in spring, benthic dipterans prevailed in the diets of all carp age classes and their consumption increased from spring to summer. Zooplankton featured in the diet of carp only in spring. Medium-and large-sized cladocerans predominated among microcrustaceans found in the guts of one-and two-yearold carp. Consequently, in summer, total biomass of medium-and large-sized cladoceran grazers was substantially lower in ponds stocked with older-age fish than in ponds used for production of 1-summer-old fingerlings. The relatively sparse submerged vegetation cover and low water transparency in ponds with older fish stocks compared to ponds with youngof-the-year carp indicate a transition to a turbid water state mediated by a trophic cascade mechanism in the presence of older-age fish. Densities of water-column macroinvertebrates decreased with the age of carp in the ponds. These results suggest that non-aquaculture use of carp ponds should be diversified according to their environmental quality. Fingerling rearing ponds are more suitable for environmentally friendly multifunctional use than ponds with older stocks.

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Sources of fish and prawn growth in polyculture ponds as indicated by δC analysis

Cited by 88 publications

References 11 publications

Common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) alters its feeding niche in response to changing food resources: direct observations in simulated ponds

Common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) alters its feeding niche in response to changing food resources: direct observations in simulated ponds

Efeito da densidade populacional sobre as curvas de crescimento de Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man) em cultivo semi-intensivo (Crustacea, Palaemonidae)

Differential effects of age-structured common carp (Cyprinus carpio) stocks on pond invertebrate communities: implications for recreational and wildlife use of farm ponds

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