Sources of gut microbiota variation in a large longitudinal Finnish infant cohort

Jokela, R.; Ponsero, Alise J.; Dikareva, Evgenia; Wei, Xiaodong; Kolho, Kaija‐Leena; Korpela, Katri; Vos, Willem M. de; Salonen, Anne

doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104695

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…We also found an ASV in Bacteroides genus associated with the water content-related community composition positively at 30 months and negatively at 6 months. However, a previous study reported a different direction in the association between stool consistency and microbiota composition during infancy and childhood 21 ). In the longitudinal analysis, genera including Clostridium , Prevotella , and Eggarthella associated negatively with water content.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Several human studies from both healthy and pathological conditions have identified associations with gut microbiota composition, stool consistency, or transit time measurement in adults 12 . Although understanding in adult populations is increasing, there is a dearth of studies examining the impact of the gut microbiota and metabolome on both stool consistency and total water content of feces or vice versa in children 21 . Here, we aim to characterize associations between stool consistency, total water content of stool, stool microbiota composition, and metabolite levels in infants and small children.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fecal microbiota and metabolite composition associates with stool consistency in young children

Aatsinki,

Isokääntä,

Kråkström

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Stool consistency explains a large proportion of inter-individual variation in gut microbiota and represents a useful measure of gut transit time, which is pivotal for bacterial metabolism andvice versa. However, in infants and small children, a detailed understanding of how gut microbiota and the metabolome associate with stool consistency is lacking. We analyzed both stool microbiota and metabolome of 2.5 (n=360), 6 (n=229), 14 (n=274), and 30-month-old children (n=169) from the FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study using 16s rRNA sequencing and mass spectrometry-based targeted techniques. We used stool water content and parent-reported stool consistency as proxies for stool consistency. We found that microbiota community composition as well as the relative abundance of specific genera such asClostridium,Hungatella, andLactobacilluswere associated with stool consistency. Of the metabolites, lower concentrations of conjugated bile acids and acetic acid were associated with having constipation and lower water content. Branched short-chain fatty acid concentrations were negatively associated with stool water content. The findings reflect a shift in bacterial saccharolytic to proteolytic metabolism in the gut. Parental crude reports agreed with the objective measure of child stool consistency, and associated with similar features in the stool metabolome. Overall, our findings support the concept that stool consistency and total water content associate with gut microbiota composition and metabolic activity in infants and young children.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fecal microbiota and metabolite composition associates with stool consistency in young children

Aatsinki,

Isokääntä,

Kråkström

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…Thus, variations in these factors among study populations may also contribute to the observed discrepancies. In addition, differences in the timing of sample collection and the duration of the study period may also contribute to the significant differences in results [65]. Lastly, the methods used to analyze and measure Bifidobacterium levels can vary between studies.…”

Section: Bifidobacterium In Nafldmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Bifidobacterium in Liver Diseases: A Systematic Review of Next-Generation Sequencing Studies

Hizo,

Rampelotto

2023

Microorganisms

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The physiopathology of liver diseases is complex and can be caused by various factors. Bifidobacterium is a bacterial genus commonly found in the human gut microbiome and has been shown to influence the development of different stages of liver diseases significantly. This study investigated the relationship between the Bifidobacterium genus and liver injury. In this work, we performed a systematic review in major databases using the key terms “Bifidobacterium”, “ALD”, “NAFLD”, “NASH”, “cirrhosis”, and “HCC” to achieve our purpose. In total, 31 articles were selected for analysis. In particular, we focused on studies that used next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies. The studies focused on assessing Bifidobacterium levels in the diseases and interventional aimed at examining the therapeutic potential of Bifidobacterium in the mentioned conditions. Overall, the abundance of Bifidobacterium was reduced in hepatic pathologies. Low levels of Bifidobacterium were associated with harmful biochemical and physiological parameters, as well as an adverse clinical outcome. However, interventional studies using different drugs and treatments were able to increase the abundance of the genus and improve clinical outcomes. These results strongly support the hypothesis that changes in the abundance of Bifidobacterium significantly influence both the pathophysiology of hepatic diseases and the related clinical outcomes. In addition, our critical assessment of the NGS methods and related statistical analyses employed in each study highlights concerns with the methods used to define the differential abundance of Bifidobacterium, including potential biases and the omission of relevant information.

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Bowel function in a prospective cohort of 1052 healthy term infants up to 4 months of age

Solasaari,

Korpela,

Lommi

et al. 2024

Eur J Pediatr

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The purpose of this study is to describe the defecation pattern of healthy infants up to 17 weeks of age. We included 1052 healthy term infants from the prospective HELMi cohort (NCT03996304). Parents filled in recurring online questionnaires on feeding, gastrointestinal function, and crying weekly for the first 17 weeks of life. Defecation frequency was highest at the age of 3 weeks (a median of 4 times/day, interquartile range (IQR) 2.9–5). At each time point, the median defecation frequency of breastfed infants was higher than that of infants receiving formula (e.g., at week 17 a median of 2 times/day, IQR 0.9–3.6, and a median of 1.1, IQR 0.6–1.4, respectively). The dominant color of the stool was most often yellow or light brown. Nearly black stools were reported in the first week of life in 3.4%. Nearly half (47.4%) of the infants had green stool color dominating for at least 1 week, with comparable frequency among breastfed (47.7%) and formula-fed (45.2%) infants. Green stools were associated with a higher defecation frequency (linear mixed-effect model p < 0.0001). Occasional blood in stool was reported in 9.3% and recurrent blood in 5.2% of the infants with no difference in stool consistency. Hard stools were rare (≤ 1%). Conclusion: This study enlightens the spectrum of defecation patterns in healthy term infants during the first 17 weeks of life. A better understanding of bowel function helps healthcare professionals distinguish normal from abnormal when addressing defecation, the color of stools, and the type of feeding. What is Known:• Breastfed infants have more frequent and more yellow-colored stools than formula-fed infants.• Stools with green color are often suggested by the parents or even by medical professionals to indicate disease or discomfort in early life. What is New:• Nearly half of the healthy term infants had green stool dominating for at least one week during the first 17 weeks and occasional blood was reported in almost 10% of the infants during this period.• Data on normal variation in bowel function and stool may serve primary health care professionals when educating the families and caretakers of infants.

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Sources of gut microbiota variation in a large longitudinal Finnish infant cohort

Cited by 10 publications

References 56 publications

Fecal microbiota and metabolite composition associates with stool consistency in young children

Fecal microbiota and metabolite composition associates with stool consistency in young children

The Role of Bifidobacterium in Liver Diseases: A Systematic Review of Next-Generation Sequencing Studies

Bowel function in a prospective cohort of 1052 healthy term infants up to 4 months of age

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