Sources of resistance to Mayetiola Destructor in breadwheat and durum wheat in Morocco

Abstract

Triticum aestivum, breadwheat, Triticum turgidurn. durum wheat, Mayetiola destructor, Hessian fly, leaf pubescence, resistance. SUMMARY Grain yield reductions of both breadwheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum) caused by attacks of Hessian fly (Mayetiolu destructor SAY) are second perhaps only to those caused by inadequate soil moisture in Morocco. To identify effective sources of resistance, 817 entries of common wheat and durum wheat reported to be resistant to Hessian fly were evaluated under natural infestations in Morocco. A large number of genes conferring virulence are present in populations of Moroccan Mayetiolu.The genes HI, HZ. H3, hq. He, H7. Hs, Hg, Hlo, H11, H14, HIS, and H16 as well as the 'Marquillo', 'Kawvale' and PI 94587 resistance sources are not useful for cereal improvement in North Africa. 'Luso', which has the gene H12, also appeared susceptible in limited testing. Genotypes having the genes H5 and Hi3 were identified as significantly reducing larval survial in natural populations of Mayetiolu. Of 11 resistant breadwheats identified with unknown genes, seven were from Portugal and three were from the Soviet Union. Although none of the durums tested had high levels of resistance, the two most promising durums were from Portugal. It is proposed that initially Hs be deployed in durum wheats and H13 be used in common wheat improvement. Leaf pubescence appears of little use in reducing the larval survival of Muyetiolu.

Management of pests on wheat and other cereal crops with an IPM program

“…Cultivars such as Marquillo and Kawvale with more complex resistance have been identified (Heyne, 1987;Lowe, 1987). Partial resistance may be expressed as reduced survival of larvae or variable effectiveness of individual genes in relation to temperature (Buntin et al, 1990;Gallagher et al, 1987). Use of cultivars with pubescent leaves has been the most effective method for control of cereal leaf beetle .…”

Distribution, population dynamics and damage of Hessian fly, Mayetiola destructor (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) in North Tunisia

“…In Morocco, significant progress was realized in terms of plant breeding to create resistant varieties of wheat to Hessian fly (Lhaloui et al, 2006;Otmane et al, 2016). H5, H7H8, H11, H13, H14H15, H21, H22, H23, H25 and H26 genes revealed to be effective against Hessian fly (Amri et al, 1990(Amri et al, , 1992El Bouhssini et al, 1988, 1998Gallagher et al, 1987). In Tunisia, the effectiveness of 9 resistance genes H3, H5, H6, H7H8, H11, H12, H13 and H16 to protect wheat from Hessian fly attack was assessed in two regions of northern Tunisia.…”