Soybean aphid, Aphis glycines (Hemiptera: Aphididae), developmental and reproductive capacity on white clover, Trifolium repens (Rosales: Leguminosae), in northeast China

Abstract

Nymphs of Aphis glycines Matsumura were individually reared to adults in the laboratory on detached leaf discs of Trifolium repens L. (white clover) mounted on agar medium. Adults of A. glycines were fed T. repens within small clip cages in the field. Development, reproduction and intrinsic rates of increase of A. glycines were studied. These data were compared to those of controls fed known host plants including cultivated soybean Glycine max (L.) Merr. and the wild soybean species Glycine soja Sieb & Zucc. The results demonstrated that nymphs of A. glycines successfully developed into adults and reproduced efficiently when reared on T. repens in the laboratory. The lower development temperature threshold for nymphs fed T. repens was estimated as 8.27 °C, and the effective cumulative temperature for A. glycines development from nymph to adult was 90.91 degree-days. Adults of A. glycines could also survive on T. repens in the field, but only a few nymphs were produced.

Effects of Temperature on Survival, Development, and Reproduction of Aphis glycines (Hemiptera: Aphididae) Autumnal Morphs

“…The beaker was then placed upside-down on a 5 cm diam Petri dish (Chen et al 2017). Adults were checked daily and newly deposited nymphs were removed individually from beakers with a small brush.…”

“…Life tables were constructed of autumnal morphs on their primary host, R. davurica, at 13, 18, 23, 28, and 33 ± 1 °C, 70 ± 5% RH, and a photoperiod of 12:12 h (L:D). The first instar of A. glycines gynoparae, males, and oviparae were placed in growth chambers using the aforementioned leaf disc method (Chen et al 2017). Gynoparae and males were fed on soybean leaf discs, whereas oviparae were fed on R. davurica leaf discs.…”

“…Summer morphs of A. glycines (virginoparae) have been extensively studied with a wealth of research articles on their population dynamics (Liu et al 2004;Fan et al 2017), natural enemies (Costamagna & Landis 2006;Desneux et al 2006;Dieckhoff & Heimpel 2010;Liu et al 2012), host plants (Sun et al 2015;Chen et al 2017;Wang et al 2019), economic thresholds (Ragsdale et al 2007;McCarville et al 2011), etc. However, there is only a limited number of studies dealing with autumnal morphs of A. glycines.…”

Performance of Aphis glycines Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae) Reared Under Different Methods

“…Studies of these aphids have received increased attention following the invasion into these new regions. Until now, there have been many reports describing studies on population dynamics (Fan et al 2017;Leblanc & Brodeur 2018), natural enemies (Liu et al 2012;Ode & Crompton 2013;Hesler 2014;Wang et al 2016a;Hopper et al 2017), host adaptability (Chen et al 2015(Chen et al , 2017, economic threshold (Marchi-Werle et al 2017), and control measures (Regan et al 2017).…”

“…The leaf-disc method is one of the most widely used detached leaf methods for rearing aphids. With this method, soybean leaves are placed on the surface of an agarmedium in beakers (Yang et al 2010;Wang et al 2014;Chen et al 2017). However, it was found that some types of unidentified fungi could grow rapidly on the agar-medium with the leaf-disc method at temperatures above 25 °C in some laboratories.…”