Soybean protein independently lowers plasma cholesterol levels in primary hypercholesterolemia

Goldberg, Andrew P.; Lim, Angelita; Kolár, J; Grundhauser, John J.; Steinke, Fred H.; Schonfeld, Gustav

doi:10.1016/0021-9150(82)90035-1

Cited by 85 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The report of the Japanese National Nutrition Survey in 1990 showed that the average daily intake of tofu is about 36g (2) . The hypocholesterolemic effect of soybean has been reported by many researchers from the studies of animals (3-5) and humans (6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16) . In most of these experiments, cow's milk or its protein were used for the comparison and their hypercholestero lemic effect is well known.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Effect of Egg White on Serum Cholesterol Concentration in Young Women.

Asato

Wang

Chan

et al. 1996

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology, J Nutr Sci Vit

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SummaryIn a previous study we observed favorable effects of egg white on serum lipids in rats and mice. The present study was designed to elucidate these effects in 24 female university students with moderate hypercholesterolemia. About 30% of total protein was supplied with egg white, tofu or cheese. The experiment was conducted for a complete menstruation cycle of each subject. Lipid intake was about 30% of total energy intake. The energy intake of each subject was constant throughout the experiment. Body weight was measured every morning. Daily activity was measured by a pedometer. Blood was withdrawn after an overnight fast on the first, 15th and last days and serum lipids were measured. Body weight and daily activity were maintained in all the groups throughout the experiment. The egg white group showed a similar decrease in the total cholesterol (Total-C) concentration but a greater increase of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) concentration as compared to the tofu group and a greater decrease in Total-C and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) concentrations and a greater increase in the HDL-C concentration as compared to the cheese group (p<0.05). The results indicate the favorable effects of egg white in the control of hypercholesterolemia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Effect of Egg White on Serum Cholesterol Concentration in Young Women.

Asato

Wang

Chan

et al. 1996

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology, J Nutr Sci Vit

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“…The substitution of vegetable proteins, mainly soybean protein , for animal protein reportedly decreases the fasting plasma levels of total cholesterol (TC), TG and LDL-C in humans (10)(11)(12)(13). Decreased levels of TC, TG and LDL-C are believed to be associated with a decreased risk of CAD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Soy Protein Isolate (SPI) and Casein on the Postprandial Lipemia in Normolipidemic Men.

Shige

Ishikawa

Higashi

et al. 1998

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology, J Nutr Sci Vit

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SummaryTo elucidate the effects of soybean protein and casein on postprandial lipemia, oral fat load tests were performed before and 3 weeks after the administration of soy protein isolate (SPI) and casein supplement to normolipidemic men. Eleven normolipidemic male subjects on otherwise identical controlled diets were assigned to either a 20g/d soy protein isolate (SPI) dietary supplement or a casein dietary supple ment for three weeks in a crossover design. Fat load tests with 40g/m2 of bovine milk fat were carried out before and after 3weeks on the ex perimental dietary supplements. Fasting plasma concentrations of lipids and apolipoproteins were not significantly different from baseline levels before or after the administration of SPI or casein supplemented diets. Neither SPI nor casein supplement affected the fasting plasma con centrations of lipids and apolipoproteins. The areas under the incre mental curve (AUIC) of triglyceride (TG) and remnant-like particles triglyceride (RLP-TG) after both experimental diets were not significantly different from those before the experimental diets. However, the AUIC of remnant-like particles cholesterol (RLP-C) showed a tendency (p= 0.07) to decrease after administration of the diet supplemented with SPI than before the diet. The AUIC of RLP-C was significantly (p<0.05) lower after the diet supplemented with SPI than after administration of the diet supplemented with casein. These results suggest that 3weeks of 20g/d SPI dietary supplement favorably affects the postprandial remnant lipoprotein response as compared to the casein dietary supplement.

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“…Dietary studies have been performed in both animals (Atwal et al, 1997;Woodward & Carroll 1985;Forsythe et al, 1980;Park & Liepa, 1982) and humans (Bakhit et al, 1994;Goldberg et al, 1982;Verrillo et al, 1985;Jenkins et al, 1989;Sirtori et al, 1977;Descovich et al, 1980;Carroll et al, 1978) to determine the effects of substituting soy for animal protein, usually as milk, on plasma lipid concentrations. These investigations have shown differing results: however, the majority found that soy protein was associated with decreased TC and LDL-C concentrations and varying effects on TG and HDL-C.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These investigations have shown differing results: however, the majority found that soy protein was associated with decreased TC and LDL-C concentrations and varying effects on TG and HDL-C. Subjects with hypercholesterolaemia prior to the dietary intervention generally had a greater response to soy compared with mildly hypercholesterolaemic and normocholesterolaemic subjects, who had little or no response (Bakhit et al, 1994;Goldberg et al, 1982;Descovich et al, 1980;Carroll et al, 1978). However, in some of these studies the ®ndings could not be attributed speci®cally to the effect of the soy protein, as the comparison diet often had different amounts of energy from fat (Jenkins et al, 1989), different polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) to saturated fatty acid (SAFA) ratio (PUFA : SAFA ratio; Sirtori et al, 1977;Descovich et al, 1980), and dietary cholesterol (Verrillo et al, 1985).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of soy as tofu vs meat on lipoprotein concentrations

Ashton

Ball

2000

Eur J Clin Nutr

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Objectives: To investigate the effect of replacing lean meat with a soy product, tofu, on serum lipoprotein concentrations. Study and design: Randomized cross-over dietary intervention study. Subjects: Forty-two free-living healthy males aged 35 ± 62 y completed the dietary intervention. Three additional subjects were non-compliant and excluded prior to analysis. Interventions: A diet containing lean meat (150 gad) was compared with one with 290 gad tofu in an isocaloric and isoprotein substitution. Both diet periods were 1 month, and fat intake was carefully controlled. Results: Seven-day diet records showed the two diets were similar in energy, macronutrients and ®bre. Total cholesterol (mean difference 0.23 mmolal, 95% CI 0.02, 0.43; P 0.03) and triglycerides (mean difference 0.15 mmolal, 95% CI 0.02, 0.31; P 0.017) were signi®cantly lower on the tofu diet than the lean meat diet. However, HDL-C was also signi®cantly lower on the tofu diet (mean difference 0.08 mmolal, 95% CI 0.02, 0.14; P 0.01) although the LDL-C:HDL-C ratio was similar. Conclusion: The effect on HDL-C and the small LDL-C reduction differ from some other studies, where fat was often less controlled, and the comparison was of soy as textured protein or soymilk against casein. This suggests a differential effect of the various proteins compared to the soy may in¯uence the ®ndings. In practice, the replacement of meat with tofu would usually be associated with a decrease in saturated fat and an increase in polyunsaturated fat and this should enhance any small bene®ts due to the soy protein.Sponsor: Deakin University with some contribution from a Commonwealth Department of Veterans Affairs research grant.

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Soybean protein independently lowers plasma cholesterol levels in primary hypercholesterolemia

Cited by 85 publications

References 25 publications

Effect of Egg White on Serum Cholesterol Concentration in Young Women.

Effect of Egg White on Serum Cholesterol Concentration in Young Women.

Effects of Soy Protein Isolate (SPI) and Casein on the Postprandial Lipemia in Normolipidemic Men.

Effects of soy as tofu vs meat on lipoprotein concentrations

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