Space Plasma Detectors on NEXTSat-1 for Ionospheric Measurements

Lee, Junchan; Kang, Min; Ryu, Kwang‐Sun; Kang, Kyung-In; Shin, Goo-Hwan; Sohn, Jin-Hun; Na, Gowoon

doi:10.3938/jkps.72.1393

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The main payload is the Near-infrared Imaging Spectrometer for Star formation history (NISS), which takes images of the universe in the near-infrared spectral range (Jeong et al, 2014). The secondary payload, the Instrument for the Study of Space Storms (ISSS), provides information on high-energy particles (Seo et al, 2015(Seo et al, , 2021Sohn et al, 2018) and parameters of background cold ionospheric plasma (Lee et al, 2018). The ISSS data are supplemented by a navigation-grade flux-gate magnetometer (FGM), which can continuously measure magnetic field vectors.…”

Section: Instruments and Data Processing Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi‐Year Statistics of LEO Energetic Electrons as Observed by the Korean NextSat‐1

et al. 2021

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Monitoring the Earth's radiation belt by Low-Earth-Orbit (LEO) satellites has a long history and complemented observations near the high-altitude equatorial plane. However, most of the previous LEO missions suffered from limitations in energy resolution, energy range, L-shell coverage, or the mission lifetime, which leave room for further improvement in this topic. Here we present multi-year (January 2019~February 2021) observations of energetic (0.03 MeV~1.8 MeV) electrons by the Korean NextSat-1 (altitude~575 km) with high energy resolution (0.006-0.4 MeV) and seamless L-shell coverage. For <80 keV electrons, the slot-region outer edge moves inward with increasing geomagnetic activity, which agrees with previous Van Allen Probes reports. The behavior is more conspicuous for lower-energy electrons. Latitudinal profiles of outer-belt electron flux are smoother equatorward of the geosynchronous footprint latitudes (|MLAT|~66 o ) than poleward. The NextSat-1 electron flux is positively correlated to geosynchronous observations, with the coefficient generally higher for higher electron energies. Also, both the geosynchronous and NextSat-1 data exhibit similar spectral indices close to -3 in the log-log space. All these results complement and expand previous knowledge on energetic electrons. The main findings are discussed in the context of existing literature.

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Section: Instruments and Data Processing Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi‐Year Statistics of LEO Energetic Electrons as Observed by the Korean NextSat‐1

et al. 2021

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“…Lee et al reported in 2018 the plasma sensors developed for NEXTsat-1 (next-generation small satellite-1)-a 100 kg satellite designed to observe the ionosphere's thermal plasmas in the low and middle latitude regions, launched at the end of that year [48]. Their RPA had a mass of about 600 g and had a 40 mm diameter sensing area (figure 5(b)).…”

Section: Retarding Potential Analysers (Rpas)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A typical IDM design has six grids, a diaphragm, and a collector electrode divided into four sectors (figure 6). The inlet of the IDM can be circular, as proposed by Lee et al [48], or squared, as suggested by Heelis and Hanson [56]. The outermost grid (G 1 ) and the chassis of the sensor are grounded to prevent leaking outside the sensor the electric fields inside.…”

Section: Ion Drift Meters (Idms)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review of in-space plasma diagnostics for studying the Earth’s ionosphere

Velásquez–García

Izquierdo-Reyes

Kim

2022

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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This review details the state of the art in in-space plasma diagnostics for characterizing the Earth’s ionosphere. The review provides a historical perspective, focusing on the last 20 years and on eight of the most commonly used plasma sensors—most of them for in situ probing, many of them with completed/in-progress space missions: (a) Langmuir probes, (b) retarding potential analysers, (c) ion drift meters, (d) Faraday cups, (e) integrated miniaturized electrostatic analysers, (f) multipole resonance probes, (g) Fourier transform infrared spectrometers, and (h) ultraviolet absorption spectrometers. For each sensor, the review covers (a) a succinct description of its principle of operation, (b) highlights of the reported hardware flown/planned to fly in a satellite or that could be put in a CubeSat given that is miniaturized, and (c) a brief description of the space missions that have utilized such sensor and their findings. Finally, the review suggests tentative directions for future research.

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“…The SRDs comprise the Medium-Energy Particle Detector (MEPD) and High-Energy Particle Detector (HEPD), and the SPDs comprise the Langmuir Probe (LP), Retarding Potential Analyzer (RPA), and Ion Drift Meter (IDM) (See Sohn et al (2018) and for details of the ISSS instruments). We do not deal with the data from SPDs here, the details of which are described in Choi et al (2014) and Lee et al (2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Substorm Injection Event and the Radiation Belt Structure Observed by Space Radiation Detectors onboard Next Generation Small Satellite-1 (NEXTSat-1)

Yoo¹,

Lee²,

Kim³

et al. 2021

Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences

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In this paper, we present observations of the Space Radiation Detectors (SRDs) onboard the Next Generation Small Satellite-1 (NEXTSat-1) satellite. The SRDs, which are a part of the Instruments for the study of Stable/Storm-time Space (ISSS), consist of the Medium-Energy Particle Detector (MEPD) and the High-Energy Particle Detector (HEPD). The MEPD can detect electrons, ions, and neutrals with energies ranging from 20 to 400 keV, and the HEPD can detect electrons over an energy range from 0.35 to 2 MeV. In this paper, we report an event where particle flux enhancements due to substorm injections are clearly identified in the MEPD A observations at energies of tens of keV. Additionally, we report a specific example observation of the electron distributions over a wide energy range in which we identify electron spatial distributions with energies of tens to hundreds of keV from the MEPD and with energy ranging up to a few MeV from the HEPD in the slot region and outer radiation belts. In addition, for an ~1.5-year period, we confirm that the HEPD successfully observed the well-known outer radiation belt electron flux distributions and their variations in time and L shell in a way consistent with the geomagnetic disturbance levels. Last, we find that the inner edge of the outer radiation belt is mostly coincident with the plasmapause locations in L, somewhat more consistent at subrelativistic energies than at relativistic energies. Based on these example events, we conclude that the SRD observations are of reliable quality, so they are useful for understanding the dynamics of the inner magnetosphere, including substorms and radiation belt variations.

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Space Plasma Detectors on NEXTSat-1 for Ionospheric Measurements

Cited by 8 publications

References 31 publications

Multi‐Year Statistics of LEO Energetic Electrons as Observed by the Korean NextSat‐1

Multi‐Year Statistics of LEO Energetic Electrons as Observed by the Korean NextSat‐1

Review of in-space plasma diagnostics for studying the Earth’s ionosphere

A Substorm Injection Event and the Radiation Belt Structure Observed by Space Radiation Detectors onboard Next Generation Small Satellite-1 (NEXTSat-1)

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