Spacing Effect on Energy Cane Growth, Physiology, and Biomass Yield

Chiluwal, Anuj; Singh, H. P.; Sainju, Upendra M.; Khanal, Badri; Whitehead, Wayne F.; Singh, Bharat

doi:10.2135/cropsci2017.08.0513

Cited by 16 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…In this study, napiergrass showed tremendous ability to regrowth, even after its harvest in October when day/night temperatures had dropped considerably compared with those in the summer. Reduced photosynthesis under low temperature in perennial grasses and other crops have been reported in previous studies (Chiluwal, 2018;Chiluwal et al, 2018aChiluwal et al, , 2018b. Hence, vigorous regrowth observed in this experiment cannot be explained by ongoing photosynthesis, as the temperature regime during the regrowth period was not optimum for plants to photosynthesize at the highest rates, and the day length had shortened due to the fall season.…”

Section: Treatmentsupporting

confidence: 70%

“…Biomass yield obtained from napiergrass in this study was much higher than other energy crops types such as switchgrass, miscanthus, sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench], and energy cane (Saccharum hyb.) (Arundale et al, 2014;Haines et al, 2015;Chiluwal et al, 2018b;Sainju et al, 2018aSainju et al, , 2018b, and hence provide further evidence that napiergrass could be one of the potential lignocellulosic feedstocks in Georgia and other areas with similar climatic conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

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Napiergrass Has Dual Use as Biofuel Feedstock and Animal Fodder

et al. 2019

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Core Ideas Napiergrass can produce higher biomass yield in marginal lands in the southern United States.Napiergrass can be grown as a dual source for feedstocks (bioenergy) and animal fodder.Napiergrass produces regrowth during late fall after its matured biomass harvest.Napiergrass regrowth meets the requirement for good‐quality animal fodder.Napiergrass can provide benefits to farmers following mixed crop and animal farming. Napiergrass (Pennisetum purpureum Schumach) has attracted much attention as an efficient feedstock for biofuel production in sub‐tropical climate such as the southern United States because of its perennial nature and high biomass yield, with low inputs on marginal lands. In this study, we examined if napiergrass can be harvested advantageously both for biofuel feedstock as well as fodder usage. Three harvest treatments, i.e., T1, double harvest per year, first in July (T1H1) and second in November (T1H2); T2, double harvest per year, first in October (T2H1) and second in November (T2H2); and T3, single regular harvest in November (T3), were tested for biomass yield. Plant samples from all five harvests were analyzed for quality parameters to ascertain fodder suitability. Averaged across the study period, highest dry matter annual biomass yield was recorded for T3 (41.6 Mg DM ha−1) followed by T2 (37.2 Mg DM ha−1) and T1 (35.3 Mg DM ha−1). The regrowth after October harvest (T2H2) was found suitable for fodder usage and resulted in a fresh biomass yield of 7.9 Mg ha−1 that contained 213 g kg−1 crude protein (CP), 155 g kg−1 ash, 509 g kg−1 neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and 290 g kg−1 acid detergent fiber (ADF). This study showed that napiergrass can be grown for producing biomass for biofuel production as well as a quality fodder during the late fall season in the southern United States. The results would be of special significance to farmers who follow mixed crop and animal farming.

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Section: Treatmentsupporting

confidence: 70%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Napiergrass Has Dual Use as Biofuel Feedstock and Animal Fodder

et al. 2019

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“…As only one time point was sampled in that study, the detected differences in expression levels could be an indication of the phase differences we detected (Supplemental Figure S9). When row spacings in sugarcane fields were changed between 1.5 m and 2.3 m, cane yields (t/ha) were maintained, as the stalk numbers and weight would change in response to different plant densities (Garside et al, 2009;Chiluwal et al, 2018). In grapes,…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When row spacings in sugarcane fields were changed between 1.5 m and 2.3 m, cane yields (t/ha) were maintained, as the stalk numbers and weight would change in response to different plant densities (Garside et al, 2009;Chiluwal et al, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Field microenvironments regulate crop diel transcript and metabolite rhythms

Dantas

Dourado

Lima

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Most research in plant chronobiology was done in laboratory conditions. However, they usually fail to mimic natural conditions and their nuanced fluctuations, highlighting or obfuscating rhythmicity. High-density crops, such as sugarcane (Saccharum hybrid), generate field microenvironments that have specific light and temperature, as they shade each other. Here, we measured the metabolic and transcriptional rhythms in the leaves of 4-month-old (4 mo.) and 9 mo. sugarcane grown in the field. Most of the assayed rhythms in 9 mo. sugarcane peaked >1 h later than in 4 mo. sugarcane, including rhythms of the circadian clock gene, LATE ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL (LHY), but not TIMING OF CAB EXPRESSION (TOC1). We hypothesized that older sugarcane perceives dawn later than younger sugarcane, due to self-shading. As a test, we measured LHY rhythms in plants on the east and the west side of a field. We also tested if a wooden wall built between lines of sugarcane also changed their rhythms. In both experiments, the LHY peak was delayed in the plants shaded at dawn. We conclude that plants in the same field may have different phases due to field microenvironments, which may impact important agronomical traits, such as flowering time, stalk weight and number.

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“…In case of first and second ratoons, stalk population varied from 10 to 30 and 10 to 15 stalks m −2 , respectively. In an energy cane study conducted in Georgia, Chiluwal et al (2018) both plant cane and first ratoon. The stalk population of plant cane recorded in our study was similar to these previously reported studies.…”

Section: Stalk Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agronomic performance of the lignocellulosic feedstock crop energy cane in the Texas Rolling Plains

Pokhrel

Rajan

Jifon³

et al. 2020

Agronomy Journal

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Feedstock genetics and environment are important factors determining biomass yield of biofuel crops. Field studies were conducted to evaluate agronomic performance of four energy cane (Saccharum spp. hybrid) genotypes (TUS11-62, TUS11-58, TCP10-4928, and Ho 02-113) in the Texas Rolling Plains. In the first study, cane billets were planted in 2015 and data were collected from first (2016) and second (2017) ratoons. A second study was planted in 2016 and data were collected the same year from plant cane. Data collected include biomass, stalk height, stalk population, leaf area index (LAI), and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). Biomass yield of ratoons was not significantly different (p > .05) among genotypes. However, TUS11-58 had the highest plant cane yield. The average biomass yield of plant cane, first, and second ratoons were 20.2, 40.4, and 26.4 t ha −1 respectively. Longer growing period of ratoon (∼8 mo) compared to plant cane (∼5.5 mo) increased biomass. However, low temperatures (−14 to −16 • C) during the dormant phase resulted in lower yield of the second ratoon. Among genotypes, TUS11-62 had taller stalks, but was cold sensitive. Genotype TCP10-4928 had higher stalk population and LAI. An exponential relationship was observed between LAI and NDVI (R 2 = .67). Overall, there were differences in growth characteristics of energy cane genotypes, however biomass yield was similar in the ratoon phase. The results of this study showed that low temperature tolerance and growing season duration are key factors in determining biomass yield in higher latitude regions such as the Texas Rolling Plains.

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Spacing Effect on Energy Cane Growth, Physiology, and Biomass Yield

Cited by 16 publications

References 26 publications

Napiergrass Has Dual Use as Biofuel Feedstock and Animal Fodder

Napiergrass Has Dual Use as Biofuel Feedstock and Animal Fodder

Field microenvironments regulate crop diel transcript and metabolite rhythms

Agronomic performance of the lignocellulosic feedstock crop energy cane in the Texas Rolling Plains

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