Spanish method of visual impact evaluation in wind farms

Environmental issues associated with wind energy – A review

“…The study also showed that wind turbines have less intense negative visual effects when their blades are moving. Hurtado et al [98] employed a 3D model to study the visual impact of wind farms on surrounding villages. The number of blades and the blade rotating directions of a wind turbine can influence its visual impact.…”

Using IT approaches to promote public participation in renewable energy planning: Prospects and challenges

“…The majority of studies to date have used GIS to identify potential sites based on factors/constraints such as wind speed, site access and connection to the grid as well as planning considerations (see examples in Baban and Parry, 2001;Howes and Gatrell, 1993;Hurtado et al, 2004;Kidner et al, 1999;Moller, 2006;Ramachandra and Shruthi, 2004;Voivontas et al, 1998;Yue and Wang, 2006;Ramirez-Rosado et al, 2008). GIS has, for example, recently been used to identify strategic areas for wind farms within Wales using a geographical filtering ('sieve') mapping approach applied to all-Wales databases (Dunsford and MacFarlane, 2004).…”

Spatial analyses of emerging and fading wind energy landscapes in Denmark

“…It is believed that a quantification of the interaction between wind turbines, population and landscape by modelling visibility, proximity or density is achievable for the regional scale, and previous studies support this thesis (Tsoutsos et al, 2009;Bishop and Miller, 2007;Möller, 2006;Hurtado et al, 2003). The present study primarily aims at producing quantitative information essential to understand the historical development within a spatial context, and to learn important lessons for the future.…”