Sparse Coding and Lateral Inhibition Arising from Balanced and Unbalanced Dendrodendritic Excitation and Inhibition

Migliore, Michele; Hines, Michael L.; Shepherd, Gordon M.

doi:10.1523/jneurosci.1834-14.2014

Cited by 52 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 68 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This result is consistent with previous work reporting that projection neurons display a broader tuning than OSNs in the drosophila antennal lobe, hence increasing differences between odor representations34. It may also reflect M/T cell modulation by the GABAergic network, much more active in awake animals24, which decorrelates1113 but also sparsen firing patterns of M/T cells assemblies10123536. Though it appears as an increase of lifetime sparseness, inhibition actually sculpts the temporal patterning of M/T cell activity, presumably improving M/T cell encoding capabilities.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Recent works proposed that sparsening of M/T cell firing drives GABAergic-dependent pattern separation of odorant representations10111213 and might thereof be dependent on weak though highly informative temporal changes of spiking in M/T cell ensembles rather than on single neuron tonic changes. In regards to those results and considering that natural odorants activate dense glomerular patterns at their intrinsic concentrations14, we hypothesized that M/T cells may be more broadly tuned in awake animals than previously shown in anesthetized animals67.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Dense encoding of natural odorants by ensembles of sparsely activated neurons in the olfactory bulb

Gschwend

Beroud

Vincis

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sensory information undergoes substantial transformation along sensory pathways, usually encompassing sparsening of activity. In the olfactory bulb, though natural odorants evoke dense glomerular input maps, mitral and tufted (M/T) cells tuning is considered to be sparse because of highly odor-specific firing rate change. However, experiments used to draw this conclusion were either based on recordings performed in anesthetized preparations or used monomolecular odorants presented at arbitrary concentrations. In this study, we evaluated the lifetime and population sparseness evoked by natural odorants by capturing spike temporal patterning of neuronal assemblies instead of individual M/T tonic activity. Using functional imaging and tetrode recordings in awake mice, we show that natural odorants at their native concentrations are encoded by broad assemblies of M/T cells. While reducing odorant concentrations, we observed a reduced number of activated glomeruli representations and consequently a narrowing of M/T tuning curves. We conclude that natural odorants at their native concentrations recruit M/T cells with phasic rather than tonic activity. When encoding odorants in assemblies, M/T cells carry information about a vast number of odorants (lifetime sparseness). In addition, each natural odorant activates a broad M/T cell assembly (population sparseness).

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dense encoding of natural odorants by ensembles of sparsely activated neurons in the olfactory bulb

Gschwend

Beroud

Vincis

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…the intestines) [14]. These articles explain the characteristic physiological responses that are recorded, and in the olfactory senses, the data reflects the presence of lateral inhibition upon stimulation [8] [9] [10]. We suggest it is possible that other organs similarly exhibit responses that are recorded as predictable and physiological responses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…Extant knowledge suggests that depolarized action potentials send signals, but we contend that it is possible that hyperpolarized neural signals transmit sensory neural activity. Although lateral inhibition is considered to be "an important neural mechanism in sensory organs" [30], and has been observed physiologically in the body and in all sensory organs [10] researchers have yet to determine the specific role it plays in each of the sensory organs.…”

Section: Lateral Inhibition and Sensory Perceptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Sensory Consciousness is Experienced through Amplification of Sensory Stimuli via Lateral Inhibition

Jerath¹,

Cearley²,

Paladiya³

et al. 2017

WJNS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

At present, researchers are unclear about which activity within the brain is responsible for the emergence of consciousness-the subconscious or unconscious. Current literature suggests that consciousness is isolated in the brain; however, we suggest consciousness emerges from both-subconscious and unconscious activity, in addition to sensory consciousness. This article contends that sensory consciousness arises from neurophysiological brain activity, intrapersonal space, sensory information, and parallel processing of the external and internal environment through vision, olfaction, the integumentary system, gustation, and audition. Traditionally, lateral inhibition is defined as the ability for an excited neuron to laterally inhibit its neighbors, and is an integral part of neurophysiology in all senses. In this article, we are connecting the science behind the well-established physiological observations of gamma wave activity in the interneurons of peripheral receptors with what is currently unknown regarding the functional significance of seemingly unrelated gamma activity in the cortico-thalamic gamma oscillations. We suggest that this allows for instantaneous integration of the brain with sensory receptors. This article uses existing literature on lateral inhibition to investigate its role in sensory organs and various areas of the body. We explain how sensory consciousness is only one component of unified consciousness. We propose that lateral inhibition also plays a vital role in consciousness theory, and understanding this can help illustrate the dynamic interactions between the central and peripheral nervous systems within the body.

show abstract

Energy‐efficient neural information processing in individual neurons and neuronal networks

2017

J of Neuroscience Research

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Brains are composed of networks of an enormous number of neurons interconnected with synapses. Neural information is carried by the electrical signals within neurons and the chemical signals among neurons. Generating these electrical and chemical signals is metabolically expensive. The fundamental issue raised here is whether brains have evolved efficient ways of developing an energy-efficient neural code from the molecular level to the circuit level. Here, we summarize the factors and biophysical mechanisms that could contribute to the energy-efficient neural code for processing input signals. The factors range from ion channel kinetics, body temperature, axonal propagation of action potentials, low-probability release of synaptic neurotransmitters, optimal input and noise, the size of neurons and neuronal clusters, excitation/inhibition balance, coding strategy, cortical wiring, and the organization of functional connectivity. Both experimental and computational evidence suggests that neural systems may use these factors to maximize the efficiency of energy consumption in processing neural signals. Studies indicate that efficient energy utilization may be universal in neuronal systems as an evolutionary consequence of the pressure of limited energy. As a result, neuronal connections may be wired in a highly economical manner to lower energy costs and space. Individual neurons within a network may encode independent stimulus components to allow a minimal number of neurons to represent whole stimulus characteristics efficiently. This basic principle may fundamentally change our view of how billions of neurons organize themselves into complex circuits to operate and generate the most powerful intelligent cognition in nature. V C 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. SIGNIFICANCEThe morphology and physiology of our brains are shaped by selective pressures through evolution to improve fitness for survival. The massive information-processing capacity of the brain, along with its tremendous metabolic energy consumption, requires our brain to be energy efficient, which could be achieved through trade-offs between benefits accrued and costs incurred by select morphological and physiological parameters. Eventually, our brains evolved to be highly energy efficient in neural computation and cognition. Understanding the mechanisms underlying the energy-efficient operation of the brain will not only help us better understand the computational and organizational design principles of the brain but will also have wide implications for the improvement of the next generation of energy-efficient artificial intelligence devices. This review demonstrated examples, from the gating of ion channels to whole-brain functional connectivity, of how an energy-efficient, nature-made computer was created by optimizing the design of neural systems.

show abstract

Sparse Coding and Lateral Inhibition Arising from Balanced and Unbalanced Dendrodendritic Excitation and Inhibition

Cited by 52 publications

References 68 publications

Dense encoding of natural odorants by ensembles of sparsely activated neurons in the olfactory bulb

Dense encoding of natural odorants by ensembles of sparsely activated neurons in the olfactory bulb

Sensory Consciousness is Experienced through Amplification of Sensory Stimuli via Lateral Inhibition

Energy‐efficient neural information processing in individual neurons and neuronal networks

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About