Spatial and temporal distribution, chemical characteristics, and sources of ambient particulate matter in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region

Xu, Hong; Xiao, Zhimei; Chen, Kui; Tang, Miao; Zheng, Nai-Yuan; Li, Peng; Yang, Ning; Yang, Wen; Deng, Xin

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.12.164

Cited by 81 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Industrial factors, biomass burning, and other sources individually contributed 13%, 4%, and 15%. After 2013, the percentage of dust dropped to 16%, while the contribution of coal burning, traffic, and secondary source separately risen to 19%, 15%, and 24% [61,[70][71][72][73][74][75][76][77][78][79][80][81][82][83][84][85][86][87][88], and they were the top four sources as before. This shows that the treatment project of sandstorm sources of Beijing and Tianjin has achieved preliminary success in recent years.…”

Section: Major Source Of Haze Pm In Different Regionsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Research Progress of HP Characteristics, Hazards, Control Technologies, and Measures in China after 2013

Wei

Wang

2019

Atmosphere

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In recent years, hazy weather (hazy weather (HW) has frequently invaded peoples’ lives in China, resulting in the disturbance of social operation, so it is urgent to resolve the haze pollution (HP) problem. A comprehensive understanding of HP is essential to further effectively alleviate or even eliminate it. In this study, HP characteristics in China, after 2013, were presented. It was found that the situation of HP is getting better year by year while it has been a pattern of high levels in the north and low levels in the south. In most regions of China, the contribution of a secondary source for HP is relatively large, and that of traffic is greater in the regions with rapid economic development. Hazards of HP were then summarized. Not only does HP cause harm to human health, but it also has effects on human production and quality of life, furthermore, property and atmospheric environment cannot be ignored. Next, the source and non-source control technologies of HP were first reviewed to recognize the weakness of HP control in China. This review provides more systematic information about HP problems and the future development directions of HP research were proposed to further effectively control HP in China.

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Section: Major Source Of Haze Pm In Different Regionsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Research Progress of HP Characteristics, Hazards, Control Technologies, and Measures in China after 2013

Wei

Wang

2019

Atmosphere

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“…With uniform state planning, the Chinese government has produced a spectacular improvement of air quality in the past five years [1][2][3]. However, regional severe haze events in which fine particle (diameter<2.5 μm) concentration reached to>200 μg m −3 still plagued north China, especially in wintertime [4,5]. A better understanding of the regional air pollution is urgently needed for developing follow-through remediation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Notably, with the intensive energy consumption and air pollutant emission, China's heavy industries are producing 2-3 billion tons of iron/steel and consuming 3-4 billion tons of coke/coal per year, accounting for half of the total world output [6]. These heavy industrial plants, where stack plumes are usually treated with low efficiency waste gas cleaning, are centrally distributed in north China [5,7]. From a regional view, the heavy industrial stack plume (HISP) could rise to a height of more than 1000 m, and inclines to transport from the elevated emission source to the downwind area [8,9], interacts with thermals from the land, and dilutes rapidly to the ground [10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identify the contribution of elevated industrial plume to ground air quality by optical and machine learning methods

Feng

Yang

Wang

et al. 2020

Environ. Res. Commun.

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Regional severe haze caused by atmospheric particle explosion is one of the biggest environmental problems in China that has yet to be fully understood. This research managed to find the linkage between diversified shapes of heavy industrial stack plume (HISP) and local ground particle concentration. We used two optical methods: LIDAR and auto-shoot camera, to catch the HISP's vertical shape, and two machine leaning models: binary classification and decision tree, to find the quantitative relationship between the HISP's shape and PM 2.5 concentration. The PM 2.5 concentration correlated to the polygon length (PL) of HISP's shape with a logistic function. With a plume length more than twice the height of stack, the spread of HISP's shape accompanied with PM 2.5 concentration decreasing to <100 μg m −3 . The residence time of HISP's particles was longer (>20 h) under uniform offshore dispersion than that in heterogeneous wind field, when the footprint of HISP was estimated to be >7 km. We acquired a decision tree model to yield an exact prediction of PM 2.5 concentration, in which the HISP's length played a statistically significant role. Though the plume shape is just one of the easy-to-use indicators of complex meteorological condition, it is still practical for policy makers to identify the particle pollution caused by the elevated sources in the fastest way. OPEN ACCESS RECEIVED

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“…By the end of 2017, these long-term and contingent emission-reduction measures worked jointly to reduce the annual mean PM 2.5 concentration in Beijing from 89.5 µg m −3 in 2013 to 58.0 µg m −3 in 2017, indicating a great success of PM 2.5 management during the past 5 years. The notable decrease in PM 2.5 concentrations attracted nationwide attention, and a growing number of studies has been conducted to understand spatio-temporal characteristics (Shao et al, 2018;Wang et al, 2019), sources Xu et al, 2019;J. Cheng et al, 2019) and health effects (Liang et al, 2019) of PM 2.5 variations in Beijing from 2013 to 2017.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These studies revealed that air quality in Beijing was improved significantly in 2017 in terms of annual mean PM 2.5 concentrations, polluted days and pollution durations. Furthermore, despite different outputs, both source apportionment during pollution episodes based on collected samples (Shao et al, 2019;Xu et al, 2019; and long-term model simulation based on regional and local emission inventories (J. suggested that local and regional anthropogenic emissions (e.g. coal combustion and vehicle emissions) were the major influencing factors for long-term and short-term PM 2.5 variations in Beijing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The control of anthropogenic emissions contributed to 80 % of the decrease in PM_2.5 concentrations in Beijing from 2013 to 2017

et al. 2019

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Abstract. With the completion of the Beijing Five-year Clean Air Action Plan by the end of 2017, the annual mean PM2.5 concentration in Beijing dropped dramatically to 58.0 µg m−3 in 2017 from 89.5 µg m−3 in 2013. However, controversies exist to argue that favourable meteorological conditions in 2017 were the major driver for such a rapid decrease in PM2.5 concentrations. To comprehensively evaluate this 5-year plan, we employed a Kolmogorov–Zurbenko (KZ) filter and WRF-CMAQ (Weather Research and Forecasting and the Community Multi-scale Air Quality) to quantify the relative contribution of meteorological conditions and the control of anthropogenic emissions to PM2.5 reduction in Beijing from 2013 to 2017. For these 5 years, the relative contribution of emission reduction to the decrease in PM2.5 concentrations calculated by KZ filtering and WRF-CMAQ was 80.6 % and 78.6 % respectively. KZ filtering suggested that short-term variations in meteorological and emission conditions contributed majorly to rapid changes in PM2.5 concentrations in Beijing. WRF-CMAQ revealed that the relative contribution of local and regional emission reduction to the PM2.5 decrease in Beijing was 53.7 % and 24.9 % respectively. For local emission-reduction measures, the regulation of coal boilers, increasing use of clean fuels for residential use and industrial restructuring contributed 20.1 %, 17.4 % and 10.8 % to PM2.5 reduction respectively. Both models suggested that the control of anthropogenic emissions accounted for around 80 % of the PM2.5 reduction in Beijing, indicating that emission reduction was crucial for air quality enhancement in Beijing from 2013 to 2017. Consequently, such a long-term air quality clean plan should be continued in the following years to further reduce PM2.5 concentrations in Beijing.

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Spatial and temporal distribution, chemical characteristics, and sources of ambient particulate matter in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region

Cited by 81 publications

References 51 publications

Research Progress of HP Characteristics, Hazards, Control Technologies, and Measures in China after 2013

Research Progress of HP Characteristics, Hazards, Control Technologies, and Measures in China after 2013

Identify the contribution of elevated industrial plume to ground air quality by optical and machine learning methods

The control of anthropogenic emissions contributed to 80 % of the decrease in PM_2.5 concentrations in Beijing from 2013 to 2017

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Spatial and temporal distribution, chemical characteristics, and sources of ambient particulate matter in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region

Cited by 81 publications

References 51 publications

Research Progress of HP Characteristics, Hazards, Control Technologies, and Measures in China after 2013

Research Progress of HP Characteristics, Hazards, Control Technologies, and Measures in China after 2013

Identify the contribution of elevated industrial plume to ground air quality by optical and machine learning methods

The control of anthropogenic emissions contributed to 80 % of the decrease in PM2.5 concentrations in Beijing from 2013 to 2017

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The control of anthropogenic emissions contributed to 80 % of the decrease in PM_2.5 concentrations in Beijing from 2013 to 2017